Aggression has been found to have negative consequences for the victims and the aggressors. The general aggression model explains the process that results in aggressive outcomes, and it emphasizes the role of emotion regulation. The purpose of this review was to systematically review available evidence on the relationship between the use of emotion regulation strategies and aggression. The Medline and PsycInfo databases were searched for articles in English and Spanish and 104 studies were identified. These studies examined associations between maladaptive and adaptive emotional regulation strategies with different types of aggressive behavior. Together, their results provide evidence that maladaptive strategies (e.g., rumination) were positively associated with aggression, while adaptive ones (e.g., mindfulness) were negatively associated. This relationship appears to be consistent across ages, populations, and types of aggression. Most of the studies explored the relationship between aggression and rumination, with several experimental and longitudinal studies supporting that this strategy leads to higher levels of aggression. However, most of the studies with adult samples used university participants, and only a few examined the simultaneous usage of adaptive and maladaptive strategies. Findings are discussed in relation to the general model of aggression and the clinical applications of emotion regulation strategies.

已经发现侵略对受害者和侵略者都有负面影响。一般攻击模型解释了导致攻击结果的过程，并强调了情绪调节的作用。本综述的目的是系统地回顾有关情绪调节策略的使用与攻击行为之间关系的现有证据。在 Medline 和 PsycInfo 数据库中搜索了英文和西班牙文的文章，并确定了 104 项研究。这些研究检查了适应不良和适应性情绪调节策略与不同类型的攻击行为之间的关联。总之，他们的结果提供了证据表明适应不良策略（例如反刍）与攻击性呈正相关，而适应性策略（例如正念）与攻击性呈负相关。这种关系似乎在不同年龄、人群和攻击类型之间是一致的。大多数研究探讨了攻击性和反刍之间的关系，一些实验和纵向研究支持这种策略导致更高水平的攻击性。然而，大多数成人样本研究都使用了大学参与者，只有少数研究考察了适应性和适应不良策略的同时使用。调查结果与攻击的一般模型和情绪调节策略的临床应用进行了讨论。几项实验和纵向研究支持这种策略导致更高水平的侵略。然而，大多数成人样本研究都使用了大学参与者，只有少数研究考察了适应性和适应不良策略的同时使用。调查结果与攻击的一般模型和情绪调节策略的临床应用进行了讨论。几项实验和纵向研究支持这种策略导致更高水平的侵略。然而，大多数成人样本研究都使用了大学参与者，只有少数研究考察了适应性和适应不良策略的同时使用。调查结果与攻击的一般模型和情绪调节策略的临床应用进行了讨论。