In the era of big data, the unprecedented growth of data has been regarded as an important asset and the commercial application of data acquisition markets has emerged accordingly. With the advancement of vehicle manufacturing and sensor technologies, a large amount of data can be collected and stored in electric vehicles (EVs), making the data acquisition scenario gradually extend to the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), and thus the corresponding operational rules and economic feasibility need to be fully investigated there. In this article, we focus on a general IoV-oriented data acquisition market that consists of a data center, multiple EVs, multiple roadside units (RSUs), and a market operator (broker), with the objective of social welfare maximization (SWM) by identifying the optimal data task allocation. However, due to the inherent information asymmetry and fragmentation in such a market, it is not feasible to solve the SWM problem directly. To this end, we propose an iterative double-sided auction (IDA) mechanism, which leverages the self-interested feature of RSUs and EVs to decompose the SWM problem, enabling every participant to make decisions in a distributed manner under the broker’s coordination. A complete set of operational rules covering the data task allocation, bidding, payment, and reimbursement are elaborately designed to achieve SWM, and energy is adopted as the pricing “currency,” such that an IDA-based data-energy transaction (IDADET) ecosystem is established in IoV. We verify the economic feasibility of the proposed IDADET ecosystem by showing its convergence and desirable properties of individual rationality, budget balance, incentive compatibility, and economic efficiency. In addition, considering the psychological effects of practical market participants, we make amendments to the operational rules of the IDADET ecosystem from the behavioral economics perspective, aiming to ensure its long-term well functioning. Extensive numerical results are presented to show the performance of the IDADET ecosystem and demonstrate its advantages in terms of economic properties, operational feasibility, fast convergence, and market social welfare.

中文翻译：

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IDADET：车联网中基于迭代双面拍卖的数据能源交易生态系统

大数据时代，数据的空前增长被视为重要资产，数据采集市场的商业应用应运而生。随着汽车制造和传感器技术的进步，大量数据可以在电动汽车（EV）中采集和存储，使得数据采集场景逐渐延伸到车联网（IoV），从而相应的操作规则和那里需要全面调查经济可行性。在本文中，我们关注一个通用的面向车联网的数据采集市场，该市场由一个数据中心、多个电动汽车、多个路边单元（RSU）和一个市场运营商（经纪人）组成，目标是社会福利最大化（SWM）通过确定最佳数据任务分配。然而，由于这种市场固有的信息不对称和碎片化，直接解决SWM问题是不可行的。为此，我们提出了一种迭代双面拍卖（IDA）机制，利用 RSU 和 EV 的自利特性来分解 SWM 问题，使每个参与者能够在经纪人的协调下以分布式方式做出决策。精心设计一整套涵盖数据任务分配、竞价、支付、报销的运营规则，实现SWM，以能源作为定价“货币”，构建基于IDA的数据能源交易（IDADET）生态系统建立在 IoV 中。我们通过展示 IDADET 生态系统的收敛性和个人理性、预算平衡、激励相容性和经济效率。此外，考虑到实际市场参与者的心理影响，我们从行为经济学的角度对IDADET生态系统的运行规则进行了修正，以确保其长期良好运行。提供了大量的数值结果来展示 IDADET 生态系统的性能，并展示其在经济属性、操作可行性、快速收敛和市场社会福利方面的优势。