Drawing inspiration from the jumping motions of living creatures in nature, jumping robots have emerged as a promising research field over the past few decades due to great application potential in interstellar exploration, military reconnaissance, and life rescue missions. Early reviews mainly focused on jumping robots made of lightweight and rigid materials with mechanical components, concentrating on jumping control and stability. Herein, attention is paid to the jumping mechanisms of soft actuators assembled from various soft smarting materials and powered by different stimulus sources. The challenges and prospects of soft jumping actuators are also discussed. It is hoped that this review will contribute to the further development of soft jumping actuators and broaden their practical applications.

中文翻译：

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基于软执行器的跳跃运动的最新进展

跳跃机器人从自然界生物的跳跃运动中汲取灵感，由于在星际探索、军事侦察和生命救援任务中的巨大应用潜力，在过去几十年中成为一个很有前景的研究领域。早期的审查主要集中在由轻质和刚性材料制成的带有机械部件的跳跃机器人，集中于跳跃控制和稳定性。这里，关注的是由各种软智能材料组装并由不同刺激源驱动的软执行器的跳跃机构。还讨论了软跳跃执行器的挑战和前景。希望本次综述能够有助于软跳跃执行器的进一步发展并拓宽其实际应用。