Does racial discrimination persist in global mobility rights? While many states explicitly discriminated based on race far into the twentieth century, contemporary migration policymaking is now putatively objective. The rise of white supremacist violence against all varieties of migrants, politician statements, and public support for restrictive policies calls this supposed color blindness into question. However, existing work is not discerning because most policies appear objective. In this article, I use new data on bilateral visa waiver policies from 1973 to 2013 to show that racial difference predicts whether a country receives a visa waiver, even after accounting for its economic, political, and security context. This conditional racial discrimination has worsened since 9/11. In so doing, I provide evidence of systematic racial discrimination in international visa policymaking. The results have important implications for the study of racial inequality in the international system.

中文翻译：

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国际签证政策中的种族歧视

全球流动权中是否存在种族歧视？虽然许多国家在 20 世纪就明确地基于种族进行歧视，但当代移民政策的制定现在被认为是客观的。针对各种移民的白人至上主义暴力行为的兴起、政治家的言论以及公众对限制性政策的支持使这种所谓的色盲受到质疑。然而，现有的工作并不挑剔，因为大多数政策看起来都是客观的。在本文中，我使用 1973 年至 2013 年双边签证豁免政策的新数据来表明种族差异可以预测一个国家是否获得签证豁免，即使在考虑了其经济、政治和安全背景之后也是如此。这种有条件的种族歧视自 9/11 以来已经恶化。这样做，我提供了国际签证政策制定中系统性种族歧视的证据。研究结果对研究国际体系中的种族不平等具有重要意义。