Aqueous cells have gained widespread attention for their low-cost and safety. However, the 1.23 V thermodynamic stability window of water severely limits their development and application. To solve this issue, this study proposes and demonstrates that regulators can enhance and protect water molecules through hydrogen bond reconstruction and assist in solid electrolyte interface generation. The expanded electrochemical window enables the construction of aqueous symmetric capacitors and Nb₁₈W₁₆O₉₃||LiMn₂O₄ aqueous lithium-ion batteries with voltages both up to 2.6 V, while exhibiting considerable Coulombic efficiency and high cycle stability. It is shown that efficient regulation of interaction and electrochemical window can also be achieved by a regulator alone, without relying on the effect of salt itself or the extreme reduction of water content. This not only provides a simple and effective way to develop aqueous cells, but also provides a new understanding for the research and utilization of H-bonds and intermolecular interactions in water.

中文翻译：

---

高压水储能的氢键重构和界面调节的协同效应

水性电池因其低成本和安全性而受到广泛关注。然而，水的1.23 V热力学稳定窗口严重限制了它们的发展和应用。为了解决这个问题，本研究提出并证明调节剂可以通过氢键重建来增强和保护水分子，并协助固体电解质界面的生成。扩大的电化学窗口使得能够构建水对称电容器和Nb ₁₈ W ₁₆ O ₉₃ ||LiMn ₂ O ₄水系锂离子电池的电压高达2.6 V，同时表现出相当大的库仑效率和高循环稳定性。结果表明，仅通过调节器也可以实现相互作用和电化学窗口的有效调节，而不依赖于盐本身的影响或水含量的极端降低。这不仅为开发水性细胞提供了一种简单有效的方法，而且为水中氢键和分子间相互作用的研究和利用提供了新的认识。