Using agricultural wastes as raw materials to manufacture high value-added materials with green and economical processes is of great significance. In this study, corncob processed by deep eutectic solvents (DESs) pretreatment (80–130 °C) can be successfully prepared into lignocellulose-based hydrogels (LCHs) by a facile and green ZnCl₂/CaCl₂ solvent system. An appropriate amount of lignin can be well dispersed and filled in the structure of LCHs, thus improving the mechanical properties of the hydrogel. The hydrogel using 120 °C pretreated corncob as starting material reached the best tensile stress (144.4 kPa) and compressive stress (401.4 kPa). Due to the excellent flexibility and the presence of a large number of metal ions, the hydrogels prepared from the 120 °C pretreated corncob were assembled into a capacitor and got an energy density of 110.2 Wh/kg at the power density of 495.0 W/kg. In short, this study provides a simple and green method to prepare LCHs and a novel efficient utilization route of the corncob.

以农业废弃物为原料，采用绿色、经济的工艺制造高附加值材料具有重要意义。在这项研究中，通过低共熔溶剂 (DESs) 预处理 (80–130 °C) 加工的玉米芯可以通过简便且绿色的 ZnCl ₂ /CaCl ₂溶剂系统成功制备成木质纤维素基水凝胶 (LCHs)。适量的木质素可以很好地分散填充在LCHs的结构中，从而提高水凝胶的力学性能。使用 120 °C 预处理的玉米芯作为起始材料的水凝胶达到了最佳拉伸应力(144.4 kPa) 和压缩应力 (401.4 kPa)。由于优异的柔韧性和大量金属离子的存在, 将 120 °C 预处理的玉米芯制备的水凝胶组装成电容器，在 495.0 W/kg 的功率密度下获得 110.2 Wh/kg 的能量密度。总之，本研究提供了一种简单、绿色的LCHs制备方法和玉米芯的高效利用新途径。