In recent decades, agriculture has been typified by a reliance on synthetic pesticides, with detrimental effects on human health and the environment. It has therefore become necessary to develop more sustainable pest management strategies. To meet this objective, agricultural practices within innovative cropping systems are designed to reduce synthetic pesticide inputs, while controlling pest and pathogen life cycles. However, knowledge is still needed when it comes to the ways in which consecutive growing seasons characterized by lighter synthetic pesticide inputs affect long term crop damage by pests and pathogens, and how their minimal use can cascade on the harvested yield. This article presents a longitudinal comparison, over five years, of the severity of Septoria leaf blotch and harvested yield of winter wheat cultivated with and without synthetic pesticides among one conventional and three innovative systems – low-input-, conservation-, and organic agriculture. Conventional and conservation agriculture systems showed, respectively, the highest and the lowest difference in Septoria severity between untreated winter wheat and the same crop treated with synthetic pesticides, making them the most and least chemical protection-dependent systems. The four cropping systems produced different yields, which were not significantly influenced by the reduction in synthetic pesticide input. Low-input agriculture proved to be the best trade-off between minimal synthetic pesticide use and Septoria severity, with no effect on yield. Our study provides evidence that adopting innovative cropping systems that are less dependent on synthetic pesticides, and thus contributing to a sustainable agriculture for the future, can be done without missing production targets.

近几十年来，农业一直依赖合成杀虫剂，对人类健康和环境产生不利影响。因此，有必要制定更可持续的害虫管理策略。为了实现这一目标，创新种植系统中的农业实践旨在减少合成杀虫剂的投入，同时控制害虫和病原体的生命周期。然而，当涉及到以较轻的合成杀虫剂投入为特征的连续生长季节如何影响害虫和病原体对作物的长期损害，以及它们的最少使用如何影响收获产量时，仍然需要了解。这篇文章提出了一个纵向比较，超过五年，在一个传统系统和三个创新系统（低投入、保护和有机农业）中使用和不使用合成杀虫剂种植的冬小麦的叶斑病严重程度和收获产量。传统和保护性农业系统分别显示未经处理的冬小麦和用合成杀虫剂处理过的同种作物之间的壳针孢严重程度差异最大和最小，这使它们成为最依赖和最不依赖化学保护的系统。四种种植系统的产量不同，合成农药投入量的减少对产量没有显着影响。事实证明，低投入农业是最低限度合成杀虫剂的使用和针叶虫严重程度之间的最佳权衡，对产量没有影响。