This study proposes a modified cellular automaton to simulate passenger ship fire evacuation. A fire dynamics simulator (FDS) is used to simulate the firing process for the passenger ship. The generated carbon monoxide (CO) concentration, temperature, and visibility are converted into equivalent lengths and input to the equivalent field of the modified cellular automaton. The fire field is applied to keep the evacuees away from the fire. And game theory is adopted to solve the conflict in the choice of route for evacuees. With or without fire on the passenger ship, three different evacuees’ densities are used to study the influence of different proportions of evacuees who are familiar with exits during the evacuation time. The positions of exits are also studied. The results show that when the fire release rate increases from 3000 to 8000 kW s⁻² for the same evacuation scenario, the earliest time that evacuees are in danger is 50% earlier. The impact of fire on evacuees is greater than that of evacuees’ density. In the case of two close exits or exits close to the bulkheads, the congestion near exits is obvious and has the greatest effect on the evacuation time of the high evacuees’ density.

中文翻译：

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基于改进元胞自动机的客船火灾疏散模拟

本研究提出了一种改进的元胞自动机来模拟客船火灾疏散。火灾动力学模拟器（FDS）用于模拟客船的火灾过程。生成的一氧化碳（CO）浓度、温度和能见度被转换为等效长度并输入到修改后的元胞自动机的等效场。火场的作用是让疏散人员远离火场。并采用博弈论来解决疏散人员选择路线时的冲突。客船发生火灾或未发生火灾时，采用三种不同的疏散人员密度，研究疏散时间内熟悉出口的疏散人员不同比例的影响。出口的位置也进行了研究。结果表明，当火灾释放速率从3000 kW·s增加到8000 kW·s时⁻²对于相同的疏散场景，疏散人员最早遇到危险的时间提前了50%。火灾对疏散人员的影响大于疏散人员密度的影响。在两个出口较近或出口靠近舱壁的情况下，出口附近拥堵现象明显，对疏散人员密度高的疏散时间影响最大​​。