The RNA polymerase II core promoter is the site of convergence of the signals that lead to the initiation of transcription. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of the downstream core promoter region (DPR) in Drosophila and humans by using machine learning. These studies revealed a distinct human-specific version of the DPR and led to the use of machine learning models for the identification of synthetic extreme DPR motifs with specificity for human transcription factors relative to Drosophila factors and vice versa. More generally, machine learning models could similarly be used to design synthetic DNA elements with customized functional properties.

中文翻译：

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对果蝇和人类 DPR 元件的分析揭示了一种独特的人类变异，其特异性可以通过机器学习增强

RNA 聚合酶 II 核心启动子是导致转录起始的信号汇聚的位点。在这里，我们利用机器学习对果蝇和人类的下游核心启动子区（DPR）进行了比较分析。这些研究揭示了 DPR 的独特人类特异性版本，并导致使用机器学习模型来识别合成的极端 DPR 基序，这些基序对相对于果蝇因子的人类转录因子具有特异性，反之亦然。更一般地说，机器学习模型同样可以用于设计具有定制功能特性的合成 DNA 元件。