This research used titanium oxide-coated magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles doped graphene oxide (MTiGO) and modified with Candida antarctica Lipase B (CALB) enzyme. The MTiGO@CALB nanocomposite is a novel biocatalyst for transesterifying triglycerides to fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from waste cooking oil. tThe physicochemical characteristics of the proposed biocatalyst were determined via FTIR, VSM, XRD, SEM, and EDS techniques. The maximum immobilization efficiencies and activity recovery of immobilized enzymes were obtained at 89% and 75% in the following operating condition: lipase concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, pH of 7.0, immobilization temperature of 35 °C, and immobilization time of 4 h. Various effective parameters on biodiesel were stated, and according to the revealed data, the maximum yield of biodiesel via the transesterification process was achieved at 92%, at a reaction temperature of 45 °C, catalyst quantity of 4 wt%, aa reaction duration of 40 h, and methanol to molar oil ratio of 5:1 These findings indicated that the provided bio-nanocomposite has a high potential for producing biodiesel as an efficient heterogeneous biocatalyst.

本研究使用氧化钛包覆的磁性 Fe ₃ O ₄纳米粒子掺杂氧化石墨烯 (MTiGO) 并用南极假丝酵母脂肪酶B (CALB) 酶进行修饰。MTiGO@CALB 纳米复合材料是一种新型生物催化剂，可将废食用油中的甘油三酯酯交换为脂肪酸甲酯 (FAME)。t所提出的生物催化剂的物理化学特性是通过FTIR 、VSM、XRD、SEM 和 EDS 技术确定的。最大固定在以下操作条件下，固定化酶的效率和活性恢复分别为 89% 和 75%：脂肪酶浓度为 2.0 mg/mL，pH 值为 7.0，固定化温度为 35 °C，固定化时间为 4 h。阐述了生物柴油的各种有效参数，根据揭示的数据，在 45 °C 的反应温度、4 wt% 的催化剂用量、aa 反应时间为40 h，甲醇与油的摩尔比为 5:1 这些发现表明，所提供的生物纳米复合材料具有作为高效多相生物催化剂生产生物柴油的高潜力。