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Rubber leaf fall phenomenon linked to increased temperature
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment ( IF 6.6 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-19 , DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2023.108531
F.A. Azizan, I.S. Astuti, A. Young, A. Abdul Aziz

Understanding phenological responses of vegetation to temperature have become increasingly important as the global climate changes. We examined how changes in temperature may be associated with the occurrence of rubber leaf fall, a new phenomenon affecting many rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) plantations. Spatial and temporal characteristics of the start and end of the rubber season for six study areas from four major rubber-producing countries were investigated using satellite imagery and 10 years of surface temperature data from 2010 to 2019. These study areas were Palembang (1154 ha) in South Sumatra, Indonesia; Medan (2667 ha) in North Sumatra, Indonesia; Ratnapura (581 ha) in Sri Lanka; Johor (195 ha) in Malaysia; Kedah (803 ha) in Malaysia; and Tboung Khmum (2421 ha) in Cambodia. Our results showed that there was a significant upward trend in average mean temperature for Palembang, Medan, Ratnapura and Johor, and that these trends were associated with a statistically significant difference in rubber defoliation and refoliation events. This shift also coincides with the reported occurrence of Rubber Leaf Fall disease from these study areas. In contrast, no change in temperature trends or phenological shift was identified for the two other study areas, and the disease was not reported in these areas. Overall, warming resulted in delayed phenological timing in most locations. While additional research is required to exclude alternative explanations, there is a strong possibility that climate change is responsible for the emergence of the new Rubber Leaf Fall disease.



中文翻译:

橡胶落叶现象与温度升高有关

随着全球气候变化,了解植被对温度的物候反应变得越来越重要。我们研究了温度变化如何与橡胶落叶的发生有关,这是一种影响许多橡胶(巴西橡胶树)的新现象) 种植园。利用卫星图像和 2010 年至 2019 年 10 年的地表温度数据,研究了来自四个主要橡胶生产国的六个研究区域橡胶季节开始和结束的时空特征。这些研究区域是巨港(1154 公顷)印度尼西亚南苏门答腊;印度尼西亚北苏门答腊的棉兰(2667 公顷);斯里兰卡的 Ratnapura(581 公顷);马来西亚的柔佛州(195 公顷);马来西亚的吉打州(803 公顷);和柬埔寨的 Tboung Khmum(2421 公顷)。我们的结果表明,巨港、棉兰、拉特纳普勒和柔佛的平均平均温度呈显着上升趋势,并且这些趋势与橡胶落叶和再落叶事件的统计显着差异相关。这种转变也与这些研究区域报告的橡胶落叶病的发生同时发生。相比之下,其他两个研究区域没有发现温度趋势变化或物候变化,并且这些区域没有报告疾病。总体而言,变暖导致大多数地区的物候时间延迟。虽然需要更多的研究来排除其他解释,但气候变化很可能是导致新的橡胶落叶病出现的原因。

更新日期:2023-04-20
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