Inventory estimates of N₂O and CH₄ emissions disregard temporal and spatial variabilities, which hinders the search for effective local strategies to lower greenhouse gas emissions. We have quantified the emissions of N₂O and CH₄ in a mixed agriculture-urban region using two independent approaches, i.e., the vertical gradient method (VGM) and the radon-tracer method (RTM), compared the estimated annual fluxes with the EDGARv6.0 emissions, revealed the seasonal variations of the VGM fluxes, and inferred the sources that most likely cause the seasonal variations based on the footprint analysis even though our methods cannot attribute different sources. We show that the annual RTM estimates represented by the mode of lognormal fit for N₂O and CH₄ are 0.4 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ and 12 g m⁻² yr⁻¹, and the VGM estimates are 0.6 ± 0.3 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ and 13 ± 4 g m⁻² yr⁻¹, respectively. Furthermore, the average EDGARv6.0 emissions constrained by the VGM and the RTM footprints are 1.3 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ and 0.9 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ for N₂O, and 21 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ and 18 g m⁻² yr⁻¹ for CH₄. Compared to our estimated fluxes, EDGARv6.0 N₂O and CH₄ emissions are both overestimated; for N₂O, it is mainly caused by an overestimation of the chemical industry's emission. Moreover, in contrast to EDGARv6.0′s nearly constant monthly emissions throughout the year, the VGM estimates of N₂O and CH₄ show seasonal variations with relatively high values from March to September, which is most likely caused by agricultural activities. Our study demonstrates that large nighttime vertical gradients of atmospheric N₂O and CH₄ mole fractions at a tall tower can be used to derive surface fluxes by the VGM; taken together with the RTM fluxes, both the annual means and the temporal variations of N₂O and CH₄ emissions can be constrained on a regional scale.

_{N 2} O 和 CH ₄排放量的清单估计忽略了时间和空间变化，这阻碍了寻找有效的本地策略来降低温室气体排放。我们使用两种独立的方法，即垂直梯度法 (VGM) 和氡示踪剂法 (RTM)，量化了农业-城市混合区域中N ₂ O 和 CH ₄的排放量，并将估算的年通量与EDGARv6.0 排放，揭示了 VGM 通量的季节性变化，并根据足迹分析推断出最有可能导致季节性变化的来源，即使我们的方法不能归因于不同的来源。我们表明，由 N 的对数正态拟合模式表示的年度 RTM 估计₂ O 和 CH ₄分别为 0.4 g m ⁻² yr ⁻¹和 12 g m ⁻² yr ⁻¹，VGM 估计值为 0.6 ± 0.3 g m ⁻² yr ⁻¹和 13 ± 4 g m ⁻² yr ⁻¹， 分别。此外，受 VGM 和 RTM 足迹限制的平均 EDGARv6.0 排放对于N ₂ O为 1.3 g m ^-2 yr ^-1和 0.9 g m ^-2 yr ^{-1 ，以及 21 g} m ^-2 yr ^-1和 18 g m ^-2yr ^-1对于CH ₄。与我们估计的通量相比，EDGARv6.0 N ₂ O 和 CH ₄排放量都被高估了；对于N ₂ O，主要是高估了化工行业的排放量。此外，与EDGARv6.0全年几乎恒定的月排放量相比，VGM对N ₂ O和CH ₄的估计显示出季节性变化，3月至9月的值相对较高，这很可能是由农业活动引起的。我们的研究表明大气 N ₂ O 和 CH _{4的夜间大垂直梯度}高塔的摩尔分数可用于通过 VGM 推导表面通量；结合 RTM 通量，N ₂ O 和 CH ₄排放的年均值和时间变化都可以在区域范围内受到限制。