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Yield potential of site-specific integrated pest and soil nutrient management at different harvest intervals under two commercial cocoa planting systems in Malaysia
Precision Agriculture ( IF 6.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s11119-023-10003-1
Y. K. Tee , S. K. Balasundram , R. R. Shamshiri , A. R. M. Shariff , P. Ding

Spatio-temporal variability of soil fertility and cocoa pod borer (CPB) infestation rate provides strategic information about the soil nutrients and CPB population densities at different harvest intervals. This enables the transitioning of cocoa fields (cooca-gliricidia and cocoa-coconut) from conventional to modern precision management. Geostatistical methods were applied to interpolate the data collected from a systematic grid based on a cluster of six cocoa tree stands for both fields and produce maps representing the spatial variability of all soil variables and CPB attack. Cocoa fresh bean weight and CPB infestation data were collected at two week-intervals from cocoa-gliricidia and cocoa-coconut. All field data points were geo-referenced by a differential global positioning system. Data were processed for possible outliers, and analysed by variography and interpolation techniques for quantification of spatial variability. Results showed that both plots exhibited definable spatial structures and were described by exponential models. Precision cocoa management recorded an increase in crop yield by 52.8 and 37.5% at cocoa-gliricidia and cocoa-coconut, respectively. Site-specific nutrient management and integrated pest control in the critical zones showed improvement in cocoa yields, especially during the peak harvest season.



中文翻译:

马来西亚两种商业可可种植系统在不同收获间隔期的特定地点病虫害和土壤养分综合管理的产量潜力

土壤肥力和可可荚螟 (CPB) 侵染率的时空变异性提供了有关不同收获间隔期土壤养分和 CPB 种群密度的战略信息。这使得可可田(cooca-gliricidia 和 cocoa-coconut)从传统管理转变为现代精准管理。应用地统计学方法对从系统网格收集的数据进行插值,系统网格基于六个可可树代表两个领域的集群,并生成代表所有土壤变量和 CPB 攻击的空间变异性的地图。可可鲜豆重量和 CPB 感染数据以两周为间隔从可可-gliricidia 和可可-椰子中收集。所有现场数据点均由差分全球定位系统进行地理参考。针对可能的异常值处理数据,并通过变差法和插值技术进行分析,以量化空间变异性。结果表明,这两个地块都表现出可定义的空间结构,并由指数模型描述。精准可可管理记录了 cocoa-gliricidia 和 cocoa-coconut 的作物产量分别增加了 52.8% 和 37.5%。关键区域的特定地点养分管理和病虫害综合防治表明可可产量有所提高,尤其是在收获旺季。

更新日期:2023-03-29
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