Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease with an extremely poor prognosis. The molecular mechanism and biomarkers involved in neurological outcome after SAH still need to be explored. This study assessed the microRNA expression characteristics of SAH patients with different neurological outcomes by meta-analysis. Public databases were searched from database inception until December 2022. The study reported that microRNA expression data in SAH patients with different neurological outcomes were included in the analysis. The differential expression of miRNAs was evaluated by meta-analysis. Overrepresentation analysis was performed for the targeted genes of significant miRNAs. The XGBoost algorithm was used to assess the predictive ability for neurological outcomes with clinical characteristics and significantly expressed miRNAs. Seven studies were finally included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that the levels of miR-152-3p (SMD: − 0.230; 95% CI − 0.389, − 0.070; padj = 0.041), miR-221-3p (SMD: − 0.286; 95% CI − 0.446, − 0.127; padj = 0.007), and miR-34a-5p (SMD: − 0.227; 95% CI − 0.386, − 0.067; padj = 0.041) were significantly lower in SAH patients with good neurological outcomes than in those with poor neurological outcomes. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may have an important role in neurological recovery after SAH. Based on the XGBoost algorithm, the neurological outcome could be accurately predicted with clinical characteristics plus the three miRNAs. The expression levels of miR-152-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-34a-5p were significantly lower in patients with good neurological outcomes than in those with poor outcomes. These miRNAs can serve as potential predictive biomarkers for neurological outcomes.

Graphical Abstract

The molecular mechanism and biomarkers involved in neurological outcome after SAH still need to be explored. Our study analyzed microRNA expression characteristics of SAH patients with different neurological outcomes by meta-analysis. After analyze studies reporting the microRNA expression data in SAH patients with different neurological outcomes, results show that the levels of miR-152-3p, miR-221-3p, and miR-34a-5p were significantly lower in SAH patients with good neurological outcomes than in those with poor neurological outcomes. The PI3K-AKT signaling pathway may have an important role in neurological recovery after SAH. Based on the XGBoost algorithm, the neurological outcome could be accurately predicted with clinical characteristics plus the three miRNAs.

中文翻译：

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MicroRNA 在预测蛛网膜下腔出血患者神经系统结果中的作用：荟萃分析

蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）是一种预后极差的出血性脑血管疾病。SAH 后神经功能转归的分子机制和生物标志物仍需探索。本研究通过荟萃分析评估了具有不同神经系统结局的 SAH 患者的 microRNA 表达特征。公共数据库的搜索范围从数据库建立到 2022 年 12 月。该研究报告称，分析中纳入了具有不同神经系统结果的 SAH 患者的 microRNA 表达数据。通过荟萃分析评估 miRNA 的差异表达。对重要 miRNA 的靶基因进行了过度代表性分析。XGBoost 算法用于评估具有临床特征和显着表达的 miRNA 的神经系统结果的预测能力。七项研究最终纳入荟萃分析。结果显示，miR-152-3p (SMD: − 0.230; 95% CI − 0.389, − 0.070; padj = 0.041)、miR-221-3p (SMD: − 0.286; 95% CI − 0.446, −神经功能良好的 SAH 患者的 miR-34a-5p（SMD：− 0.227；95% CI − 0.386，− 0.067；padj = 0.007）和 miR-34a-5p（SMD：− 0.227；− 0.067；padj = 0.041）显着低于神经功能不良的患者。PI3K-AKT信号通路可能在SAH后的神经功能恢复中发挥重要作用。基于XGBoost算法，可以通过临床特征加上三个miRNA来准确预测神经系统结果。miR-152-3p、miR-221-3p、神经功能良好的患者中 miR-34a-5p 的水平显着低于神经功能不良的患者。这些 miRNA 可以作为神经系统结果的潜在预测生物标志物。

图形概要

SAH 后神经功能转归的分子机制和生物标志物仍需探索。我们的研究通过荟萃分析分析了具有不同神经系统结局的 SAH 患者的 microRNA 表达特征。对具有不同神经功能结局的 SAH 患者的 microRNA 表达数据进行分析研究后发现，具有良好神经功能的 SAH 患者中 miR-152-3p、miR-221-3p 和 miR-34a-5p 的水平显着较低高于那些神经功能不良的人。PI3K-AKT信号通路可能在SAH后的神经功能恢复中发挥重要作用。基于XGBoost算法，可以通过临床特征加上三个miRNA来准确预测神经系统结果。