ObjectiveEmerging evidence suggests that elevated remnant cholesterol (RC) correlates with several health conditions. To explore the association of plasma RC with MCI incidence and the relationship between plasma RC and different domains of cognition in MCI patients.MethodsThirty-six MCI patients and 38 cognitively healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in the present cross-sectional study. Using total cholesterol (TC) minus high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) minus low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as the formula for calculating fasting RC. Cognition was assessed using the Chinese version of the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test (ROCF).ResultsCompared to healthy controls, MCI patients had a higher level of RC, the median difference in RC levels between these two groups was 8.13 mg/dl (95.0%CI: 0.97–16.1). Concurrently, plasma RC level was positively associated with MCI risk (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01–1.10). Notably, elevated RC level was correlated with impaired cognition in MCI patients, such as DSST (pr = −0.45, p = 0.008), ROCF- Long Delayed Recall (pr = −0.45, p = 0.008), AVLT-Immediate Recall (pr = −0.38, p = 0.028), and TMT-A (pr = 0.44, p = 0.009). Conversely, no significant correlation was found between RC and the AVLT-Long Delayed Recall test.ConclusionThis study found that plasma remnant cholesterol was associated with MCI. Further large longitudinal studies are needed in the future to confirm the results and clarify the cause-and-effect relationship.

中文翻译：

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残余胆固醇和轻度认知障碍：一项横断面研究

目的 新出现的证据表明，残余胆固醇 (RC) 升高与多种健康状况相关。探讨血浆 RC 与 MCI 发病率的关系以及血浆 RC 与 MCI 患者不同认知领域的关系。方法本横断面研究纳入了 36 名 MCI 患者和 38 名认知健康对照 (HC)。以总胆固醇（TC）减去高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）减去低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）作为计算空腹RC的公式。使用中文版的蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）、听觉语言学习测试（AVLT）、数字符号替换测试（DSST）、轨迹制作测试（TMT）和 Rey-Osterrieth 复杂图形测试（ROCF）评估认知。结果与健康对照组相比，MCI 患者的 RC 水平较高，两组 RC 水平的中位数差异为 8.13 mg/dl (95.0%CI: 0.97–16.1)。同时，血浆 RC 水平与 MCI 风险呈正相关 (OR = 1.05, 95%CI: 1.01–1.10)。值得注意的是，RC 水平升高与 MCI 患者的认知受损相关，例如 DSST（公关= −0.45,p= 0.008), ROCF- 长时间延迟召回 (公关= −0.45,p= 0.008), AVLT-立即召回 (pr = −0.38,p= 0.028), 和TMT-A (公关= 0.44，p= 0.009）。相反，在 RC 和 AVLT-Long Delayed Recall 测试之间没有发现显着相关性。结论本研究发现血浆残余胆固醇与 MCI 相关。未来需要进一步的大型纵向研究来证实结果并阐明因果关系。