Seizures are life-threatening complications of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) and are often associated with poor outcomes. Cyclophosphamide immunotherapy is the mainstay of NPSLE treatment. We report the unique case of a patient with NPSLE who developed seizures soon after her first and second doses of low-dose cyclophosphamide. The exact pathophysiological mechanism underlying cyclophosphamide-induced seizures is not well understood. However, this unusual drug-associated side effect of cyclophosphamide is thought to be due to the drug’s unique pharmacology. Clinicians should be aware of this complication to make a correct diagnosis and adjust the immunosuppressive regimens very carefully.

中文翻译：

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神经精神系统性红斑狼疮 (NPSLE) 患者环磷酰胺诱发的癫痫发作：病例报告

癫痫发作是神经精神系统性红斑狼疮 (NPSLE) 的危及生命的并发症，通常与不良预后有关。环磷酰胺免疫疗法是 NPSLE 治疗的主要手段。我们报告了一名 NPSLE 患者的独特病例，她在第一次和第二次低剂量环磷酰胺给药后不久就出现了癫痫发作。环磷酰胺诱发癫痫发作的确切病理生理机制尚不清楚。然而，环磷酰胺这种不寻常的药物相关副作用被认为是由于该药物独特的药理学所致。临床医生应该意识到这种并发症，以便做出正确的诊断并非常仔细地调整免疫抑制方案。