To combat congestion, promote sustainable forms of transportation, and support the public transit system, Chicago introduced a congestion pricing policy targeting transportation network company (TNC) services on January 6, 2020. This policy aimed to discourage single-occupant and peak-period TNC travel, particularly in high-congestion areas. Using TNC trip record data collected from the Chicago Data Portal, we quantify the impacts of the congestion pricing policy on TNC ridership in Chicago, differentiating between shared and single-occupant trips. Employing a Difference-in-Differences identification strategy, we find that the implementation of the congestion pricing policy led to an increase in shared TNC trip counts and a much larger decrease in single-occupant trip counts. Overall, the policy implementation is associated with a 7.1% reduction of total TNC pickup trips, a 16.4% increase of shared TNC pickup trips and a 11% reduction of single TNC pickup trips. Given the estimated policy effects, we find that the price elasticity of the TNC trip volume in the downtown areas is roughly −0.48. In terms of spatial variation, we find that the lost TNC trips were mainly trips that began and ended in the central business district. The south side of Chicago, which has a high proportion of African-American and low-income residents, shows evidence of single trip reduction for trips that began or ended in the downtown areas due to the policy implementation, but the policy did not seem to incentivize pooling to or from the downtown areas as effectively in the south side as in other regions of Chicago. Regarding the time-of-day variation, we find that the policy is more effective in encouraging trip sharing for off-peak travels than for peak-time travels. Our research provides local planners and policymakers with valuable insights into the impacts of the congestion pricing policy. The method and findings of this research can also be used for other cities that are considering adopting congestion pricing policies on TNCs in the future.

为应对拥堵、促进可持续交通方式并支持公共交通系统，芝加哥于 2020 年 1 月 6 日出台了针对交通网络公司 (TNC) 服务的拥堵收费政策。该政策旨在阻止单人和高峰期 TNC旅行，特别是在高度拥堵的地区。使用从芝加哥数据门户收集的 TNC 出行记录数据，我们量化了拥堵收费政策对芝加哥 TNC 乘客量的影响，区分共享出行和单人出行。采用差异识别策略，我们发现拥堵收费政策的实施导致共享 TNC 出行次数增加，单人出行次数大幅减少。总体而言，政策实施与 7 相关。TNC 接送总行程减少 1%，共享 TNC 接送行程增加 16.4%，单次 TNC 接送行程减少 11%。鉴于估计的政策效果，我们发现市中心地区 TNC 出行量的价格弹性大约为 -0.48。在空间变化方面，我们发现丢失的 TNC 行程主要是在中央商务区开始和结束的行程。非洲裔和低收入居民比例较高的芝加哥南区，由于政策的实施，开始或结束于市区的出行单次减少的迹象，但政策似乎没有与芝加哥其他地区一样，在南侧有效地鼓励往返市区的汇集。关于一天中的时间变化，我们发现该政策在鼓励非高峰期旅行的旅行共享方面比高峰期旅行更有效。我们的研究为当地规划者和政策制定者提供了有关拥堵收费政策影响的宝贵见解。本研究的方法和结果也可用于其他考虑在未来对跨国公司采用拥堵收费政策的城市。