Whole-cell biosensors are an important class of analytical tools that offer the advantages of low cost, facile operation, and unique reproduction/regeneration ability. However, it has always been quite challenging to expand the sensing spectrum of the host. Here, a new approach to extend the cell sensing spectrum with biomineralized nanoparticles is developed. The nano-biohybrid design comprise biomineralized FeS nanoparticles firmly anchored onto the bacterium, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, wherein the nanoparticles are wired to the cellular electron transfer machinery (MtrCAB/OmcA) of the bacterium, forming an artificial cyborgian redox machinery consisting of FeS-MtrCAB/OmcA-FccA. Strikingly, with this cyborgian redox machinery, the sensing spectrum of FeS hybridized S. oneidensis MR-1 cell is successfully expanded to enable whole-cell electrochemical detection of Vitamin B12, while an unhybridized native cell is incapable of sensing. This proof-of-concept nano-biohybrid design offers a new perspective on manipulating the microbial toolkit for an expanded sensing spectrum in whole-cell biosensors.

全细胞生物传感器是一类重要的分析工具，具有成本低、操作简便和独特的再生/再生能力等优点。然而，扩展宿主的感知频谱一直是一个颇具挑战性的问题。在这里，开发了一种用生物矿化纳米粒子扩展细胞传感光谱的新方法。纳米生物混合设计包括牢固固定在细菌Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 上的生物矿化 FeS 纳米颗粒，其中纳米颗粒连接到细菌的细胞电子转移机制 (MtrCAB/OmcA)，形成由 FeS 组成的人工电子氧化还原机制-MtrCAB/OmcA-FccA。引人注目的是，借助这种机器人氧化还原机制，FeS 杂交的S. oneidensis的传感光谱MR-1 细胞已成功扩增，可对维生素 B12 进行全细胞电化学检测，而未杂交的天然细胞则无法检测。这种概念验证纳米生物混合设计为操纵微生物工具包以在全细胞生物传感器中扩展传感光谱提供了新的视角。