The grain growth of the sputtered Ni-30Cr-5Al and Ni-30Cr-5Al-1Y (wt%) nanocrystalline alloys during temperature rising to and isothermally holding at 1000 °C in Ar has been investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The thermal-induced grain growth of the two alloys at 1000 °C follows a law of dⁿ − d₀ⁿ = kt but the Y presence results in an increase of n from 3.46 to 3.95. This is attributed to Y segregation at the alloy grain boundaries (GBs) and Y-rich phase precipitation, which retards the GB curvature-driven grain growth thermodynamically by a solute drag effect and kinetically by second-phase pinning effect, respectively. Moreover, the Y-free alloy grains grow much faster in air than in Ar, because the surface oxidation in air generates additional tensile stresses in the alloy which facilitate the GB mobility. The Y-containing alloy nanograins remain similar in size during heating in air and in Ar, plausibly due to the formation of more Y-rich oxide particles which hinder the GB mobility through the Zener pinning effect.

通过透射电子显微镜 (TEM) 研究了溅射 Ni-30Cr-5Al 和 Ni-30Cr-5Al-1Y (wt%) 纳米晶合金在升温至 1000 °C 并等温保持在 Ar 的过程中的晶粒生长。^{两种合金在 1000 °C 时的热诱导晶粒生长遵循 d n}  −  d ₀ ⁿ  =  kt的定律但 Y 的存在导致 n 从 3.46 增加到 3.95。这归因于合金晶界 (GBs) 处的 Y 偏析和富 Y 相析出，这分别通过溶质拖曳效应在热力学上和在动力学上通过第二相钉扎效应延迟了 GB 曲率驱动的晶粒生长。此外，不含 Y 的合金晶粒在空气中的生长速度比在 Ar 中快得多，因为空气中的表面氧化会在合金中产生额外的拉伸应力，从而促进 GB 的流动性。在空气和 Ar 中加热期间，含 Y 合金纳米晶粒的尺寸保持相似，这可能是由于形成了更多富含 Y 的氧化物颗粒，这些颗粒通过齐纳钉扎效应阻碍了 GB 的移动性。