Climate change and its related side effects are generating a demand for innovative ways to enhance desalination performance by adopting cost-effective and energy-efficient membrane materials. Molybdenum disulphide (MoS₂), a two-dimensional (2D) material, holds the potential to address the deficiency of the current polymeric reverse osmosis (RO) membrane by maximizing the water-energy nexus. The nanoscale thickness of the MoS₂ membrane promises better water permeability benefiting from the small diffusion length of the transport of the molecules while maintaining good chemical and mechanical robustness. Although many advantages have been projected, the experimental realization of such near-atomic thickness has not been fully explored because of the technological difficulties associated with the production. This review first highlights the remarkable combination of the ion’s rejection and permeability properties of the MoS₂ membrane by discussing two distinct reported approaches for using MoS₂ as a membrane for water desalination. Subsequently, the engineering challenges of the MoS₂ membrane scalability for water desalination are discussed. Lastly, the possible opportunities for a well-controlled fabrication process critical to achieving and advancing MoS₂ membranes from research laboratories to the industrial-scale application are outlined. We aim to provide a collective understanding of the realization of a high permi-selective MoS₂ membrane for water desalination.

气候变化及其相关的副作用正在产生对创新方法的需求，通过采用具有成本效益和能效的膜材料来提高海水淡化性能。二硫化钼 (MoS ₂ ) 是一种二维 (2D) 材料，具有通过最大化水能关系来解决当前聚合物反渗透 (RO) 膜的不足的潜力。MoS _{2的纳米级厚度}膜承诺更好的透水性，这得益于分子传输的小扩散长度，同时保持良好的化学和机械稳健性。尽管已经预测了许多优点，但由于与生产相关的技术困难，尚未充分探索这种近原子厚度的实验实现。本综述首先通过讨论使用 MoS _{2作为水脱盐膜的两种不同的报告方法，突出了 MoS 2}膜的离子排斥和渗透特性的显着组合。随后，MoS _{2的工程挑战}讨论了水脱盐的膜可扩展性。_{最后，概述了实现和推进 MoS 2}膜从研究实验室到工业规模应用的关键制造过程的可能机会。我们的目标是提供对实现用于海水淡化的高选择性 MoS _{2膜的集体理解。}