In the field of flexible electronic devices, conductive hydrogels have attracted great attention. However, it is difficult for existing hydrogel materials to realize excellent mechanical properties and high electrical conductivity simultaneously. To address this issue, this study proposes a facile method for producing super-strong conductive hydrogels via mechanical stretching combined with the Hofmeister effect. The anisotropic hydrogels possess highly anisotropic structures, which provide anisotropic mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. The prepared anisotropic hydrogels exhibit a combination of high strength (16.57 MPa), ultra-high toughness (39.23 MJ m⁻³), and high conductivity (0.38 S m⁻¹), which are better than those of the anisotropic hydrogel along the vertical stretching direction and the isotropic hydrogel. And thus, the anisotropic hydrogels achieve a remarkable gauge factor (GF = 1.17). The anisotropic hydrogels demonstrate superior capabilities in human motion sensing. The excellent mechanical properties and high conductivity of anisotropic hydrogels make them a potential candidate for flexible electronic materials.

中文翻译：

---

通过机械拉伸结合霍夫迈斯特效应实现各向异性和超强导电水凝胶

在柔性电子器件领域，导电水凝胶备受关注。然而，现有的水凝胶材料很难同时实现优异的机械性能和高导电性。为了解决这个问题，本研究提出了一种通过机械拉伸结合霍夫迈斯特效应生产超强导电水凝胶的简便方法。各向异性水凝胶具有高度各向异性的结构，可提供各向异性的机械性能和导电性。制备的各向异性水凝胶具有高强度 (16.57 MPa)、超高韧性 (39.23 MJ m ^-3 ) 和高导电性 (0.38 S m ^-1)，优于沿垂直拉伸方向的各向异性水凝胶和各向同性水凝胶。因此，各向异性水凝胶实现了显着的应变系数 (GF = 1.17)。各向异性水凝胶在人体运动感应方面表现出卓越的能力。各向异性水凝胶优异的机械性能和高导电性使其成为柔性电子材料的潜在候选者。