Lipid metabolism play an essential role in occurrence and development of asthma, and it can be disturbed by phthalate esters (PAEs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs). As a chronic inflammatory respiratory disease, the occurrence risk of childhood asthma is increased by PAEs and OPFRs exposure, but it remains not entirely clear how PAEs and OPFRs contribute the onset and progress of the disease. We have profiled the serum levels of PAEs and OPFRs congeners by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, and its relationships with the dysregulation of lipid metabolism in asthmatic, bronchitic (acute inflammation) and healthy (non-inflammation) children. Eight PAEs and nine OPFRs congeners were found in the serum of children (1 – 5 years old) from Shenzhen, and their total median levels were 615.16 ng/mL and 17.06 ng/mL, respectively. Moreover, the serum levels of mono-methyl phthalate (MMP), tri-propyl phosphate (TPP) and tri-n-butyl phosphate (TNBP) were significant higher in asthmatic children than in healthy and bronchitic children as control. Thirty-one characteristic lipids and fatty acids of asthma were screened by machine-learning random forest model based on serum lipidome data, and the alterations of inflammatory characteristic lipids and fatty acids including palmitic acids, 12,13-DiHODE, 14,21-DiHDHA, prostaglandin D2 and LysoPA(18:2) showed significant correlated with high serum levels of MMP, TPP and TNBP. These results imply PAEs and OPFRs promote the occurrence of childhood asthma via disrupting inflammatory lipid and fatty acid metabolism, and provide a novel sight for better understanding the effects of plastic additives on childhood asthma.

脂质代谢在哮喘的发生和发展中起着至关重要的作用，邻苯二甲酸酯（PAE）和有机磷酸酯阻燃剂（OPFR）可能会干扰脂质代谢。作为一种慢性炎症性呼吸道疾病，PAEs和OPFRs暴露会增加儿童哮喘的发生风险，但PAEs和OPFRs如何促进疾病的发生和进展尚不完全清楚。我们通过液相色谱与质谱联用分析了 PAE 和 OPFR 同源物的血清水平，及其与哮喘、支气管炎（急性炎症）和健康（非炎症）儿童脂质代谢失调的关系。深圳儿童（1~5岁）血清中检出8种PAEs和9种OPFRs同源物，总中位水平分别为615.16ng/mL和17.06ng/mL。此外，哮喘儿童的血清邻苯二甲酸单甲酯（MMP）、磷酸三丙酯（TPP）和磷酸三正丁酯（TNBP）水平显着高于健康儿童和对照组儿童。基于血清脂质组数据，通过机器学习随机森林模型筛选出31种哮喘特征脂质和脂肪酸，以及棕榈酸、12,13-DiHODE、14,21-DiHDHA等炎症特征脂质和脂肪酸的变化、前列腺素D2和LysoPA(18:2)与高血清MMP、TPP和TNBP水平显着相关。这些结果表明PAEs和OPFRs通过扰乱炎症脂质和脂肪酸代谢促进儿童哮喘的发生，并为更好地了解塑料添加剂对儿童哮喘的影响提供了新的视角。