The diversity of carbon materials makes it possible to prepare all-carbon electronic devices requiring components with different properties and functions. In this work, we fabricate an all-carbon solution-gated transistor (AC-SGT) based dopamine (DA) sensor with Nafion coated nitrogen and oxygen co-doped carbon yarn (Nafion/NOCY) as the gate electrode and graphene as the channel. The carbon materials in AC-SGT render the usage of a variety of strategies to improve its electrochemical sensing capability including the modification of the gate electrode and the modulation of the operating voltage. With a low gate–source voltage of 0.02 V as well as a low drain–source voltage of 0.05 V, AC-SGT manifests the outstanding DA sensing performances in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, limit of detection (3 nM, S/N > 3), linear range (3 nM to 300 μM), long-term stability (over 30 days), and preconditioning time (60 s). Furthermore, a smartphone controlled portable sensing system integrated with AC-SGT is fabricated herein, which shows the excellent in vitro sensing capability of DA in urine, proving the potential of all-carbon transistors in smart wearable biosensors.

中文翻译：

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具有低工作电压的全碳溶液门控晶体管，用于高选择性和稳定的多巴胺传感

碳材料的多样性使得制备需要具有不同性能和功能的组件的全碳电子器件成为可能。在这项工作中，我们制造了一种基于全碳溶液门控晶体管 (AC-SGT) 的多巴胺 (DA) 传感器，其中 Nafion 涂层氮氧共掺杂碳纱线 (Nafion/NOCY) 作为栅电极，石墨烯作为通道. AC-SGT 中的碳材料采用多种策略来提高其电化学传感能力，包括栅电极的修饰和工作电压的调制。AC-SGT 具有 0.02 V 的低栅源电压和 0.05 V 的低漏源电压，在灵敏度、选择性、检测限（3 nM、S/ N> 3)、线性范围（3 nM 至 300 μM）、长期稳定性（超过 30 天）和预处理时间（60 秒）。此外，本文还制造了一种集成了 AC-SGT 的智能手机控制的便携式传感系统，显示了 DA 在尿液中的出色体外传感能力，证明了全碳晶体管在智能可穿戴生物传感器中的潜力。