The purpose of this study was to provide empirical insights into event professionals' approaches to risk and crisis management and resilience. This study was guided by an integrated model developed based on the 4R Tourism Crisis Management Model and the Organizational Resilience Framework. A qualitative research method was used, where two studies consisted of 26 interviews were conducted before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed that most event professionals' risk management measures center around event operations, and their crisis management practices appear to be more aligned with the organization. Both personal and organizational factors influence the participants' risk and crisis management and resilience-building practices. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic revealed their underpreparedness towards major crises, and most of them had not appreciated the importance of resilience until the crisis ensued. Based on the findings, this study further discussed theoretical and practical implications.

本研究的目的是为事件专业人士的风险和危机管理及恢复力方法提供实证见解。本研究以基于 4R 旅游危机管理模型和组织复原力框架开发的综合模型为指导。使用了定性研究方法，其中两项研究包括 26 次采访，是在 COVID-19 大流行之前和期间进行的。调查结果显示，大多数活动专业人士的风险管理措施都以活动运营为中心，他们的危机管理实践似乎更符合组织的要求。个人和组织因素都会影响参与者的风险和危机管理以及恢复力建设实践。COVID-19 大流行的爆发暴露了他们对重大危机的准备不足，而且他们中的大多数人直到危机接踵而至才意识到恢复力的重要性。基于研究结果，本研究进一步讨论了理论和实践意义。