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Urban density does not impact tree growth and canopy cover in native species in Melbourne, Australia
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening ( IF 6.4 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ufug.2023.127860
Xichan Ren, Patricia R. Torquato, Stefan K. Arndt

Trees provide multiple ecosystem services in urban centers and increases in tree canopy cover is a key strategy for many municipalities. However, urban trees also experience multiple stresses and tree growth can be impacted by urban density and impervious surfaces. We investigated the impact of differences in urban form on tree growth in the City of Merri-bek, a local government area in metropolitan Melbourne, which is the temperate climate zone. Merri-bek has a gradient in population density and urban greenness from north to south, and we hypothesized that tree growth in the southern areas would be lower because trees were more likely to have less access to water with high levels of impervious surfaces. We selected three common native evergreen species, Eucalyptus leucoxylon, Melaleuca linariifolia, and Lophostemon confertus that exhibit differences in climate vulnerability and assessed the tree canopy expansion in four urban density zones in Merri-bek between 2009 and 2020 using aerial image analysis. The differences in urban form did not significantly influence tree canopy growth and all species showed similar canopy expansion rates. However, smaller trees showed a greater relative canopy increase in the ten years, whereas larger trees had a greater absolute canopy growth. Thus, older and larger trees should be protected and maintained to achieve the canopy expansion. Our study indicated that differences in urban form are unlikely to have major impacts on the growth and canopy expansion of well adapted native tree species in open, suburban centers.



中文翻译:

城市密度不会影响澳大利亚墨尔本本地物种的树木生长和树冠覆盖

树木在城市中心提供多种生态系统服务,增加树冠覆盖是许多城市的关键战略。然而,城市树木也会承受多重压力,树木的生长会受到城市密度和不透水表面的影响。我们调查了城市形态差异对梅里贝克市树木生长的影响,梅里贝克市是温带气候区墨尔本大都会的一个地方政府区域。Merri-bek 的人口密度和城市绿化度从北到南呈梯度变化,我们假设南部地区的树木生长速度会较低,因为树木更容易接触到高水平不透水表面的水。我们选择了三种常见的本地常绿树种,Eucalyptus leucoxylonMelaleuca linariifoliaLophostemon confertus表现出气候脆弱性的差异,并使用航拍图像分析评估了 2009 年至 2020 年间 Merri-bek 四个城市密度区的树冠扩张情况。城市形态的差异并没有显着影响树冠的生长,所有物种都表现出相似的树冠扩张率。然而,较小的树木在这十年中表现出更大的相对冠层增长,而较大的树木具有更大的绝对冠层增长。因此,应保护和维护较老和较大的树木以实现树冠扩张。我们的研究表明,城市形态的差异不太可能对开阔的郊区中心的适应良好的本地树种的生长和树冠扩张产生重大影响。

更新日期:2023-02-04
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