Although extensive efforts have been made to utilize raw biomass to synthesize porous carbon for the supercapacitor (SC), its large-scale application is difficult to achieve due to its slow diffusion kinetics and insufficient storage sites. Herein, biomass-derived high-capacity/high-rate cathode and anode materials are designed to realize high-performance SC. S-doped passionfruit peel-derived porous carbon (S-PFPC) is used as support to anchor nickel sulfide (Ni₃S₂) nanoparticles and is developed as cathode material. It provides sufficient sites to store discharge products, S-PFPC porous channels for fast electron transport, and uniformly dispersed Ni₃S₂ nanoparticles for enhance charge storage capacity. Simultaneously, hierarchically porous carbon with a high specific surface area as the anode material is also obtained by simple pyrolysis of passionfruit peel. Benefiting from the well-matched anode and cathode structures, the assembled Ni₃S₂ @S-PFPC//PFPC hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) exhibits a high energy density of 118 W h kg⁻¹ at a power density of 433 W kg⁻¹. In addition, it exhibits long-life stability with excellent capacitance retention of 88.3% over 10000 cycles. The route for preparing biomass-derived electrode materials proposed in this work broadens the horizon to realize high-performance SC applications.

尽管已经做出了广泛的努力来利用生物质来合成用于超级电容器（SC）的多孔碳，但由于其扩散动力学缓慢和存储位置不足，其大规模应用难以实现。在此，生物质衍生的高容量/高倍率阴极和阳极材料旨在实现高性能 SC。S 掺杂的百香果皮衍生多孔碳 (S-PFPC) 用作固定硫化镍 (Ni ₃ S ₂ ) 纳米粒子的载体，并开发为正极材料。它提供了足够的空间来存储放电产物、S-PFPC 多孔通道以实现快速电子传输以及均匀分散的 Ni ₃ S ₂用于增强电荷存储容量的纳米粒子。同时，通过简单热解百香果皮也得到了具有高比表面积的分级多孔碳作为负极材料。受益于良好匹配的阳极和阴极结构，组装的 Ni ₃ S ₂ @S-PFPC//PFPC 混合超级电容器 (HSC)在 433 W kg 的功率密度下表现出 118 Wh kg ^{−1的高能量密度− 1} . 此外，它还表现出长寿命稳定性，在 10000 次循环后具有 88.3% 的出色电容保持率。本工作提出的制备生物质衍生电极材料的途径拓宽了实现高性能 SC 应用的视野。