Waste-to-energy technology is among the most important parts of a sustainable waste management system nowadays. By adding a renewable source of electricity (solar photovoltaics) and power to gas (proton exchange membrane electrolyzer and the Sabatier reactor) to convert CO₂, the environmental problems of waste to energy plants (here incineration and landfill) can be tackled. To solve freshwater scarcity issues, two desalination units (reverse osmosis and humidification and dehumidification) are added to the system. The main novelty of this study is to produce beneficial outputs from municipal solid waste and solar energy. The system is analysed comprehensively from energy, exergy, economic, and environmental viewpoints. The energy and exergy efficiency of the system is 17.48 % and 15.15 %, respectively, and the net power production is 8.42 MW. From economic and environmental points of view, the total annual cost is €12.12 million and CO₂ conversion is 99.96 %. The parametric study is conducted on the effect of important parameters. Furthermore, multi-objective optimization is performed by using a genetic algorithm with the objectives of maximizing exergy efficiency and minimizing total annual cost. The optimum solution provides the exergy efficiency of 20.70 % with the total annual cost of €12.75 million.

垃圾焚烧发电技术是当今可持续垃圾管理系统中最重要的部分之一。通过添加可再生能源（太阳能光伏发电）和天然气发电（质子交换膜电解槽和 Sabatier 反应器）来转化 CO ₂，可以解决废物能源厂（此处为焚烧和垃圾填埋场）的环境问题。为解决淡水资源短缺问题，在系统中增加了两个海水淡化装置（反渗透和加湿除湿）。这项研究的主要新颖之处在于从城市固体废物和太阳能中产生有益的产出。该系统从能源、火用、经济和环境的角度进行了综合分析。该系统的能源效率和火用效率分别为 17.48% 和 15.15%，净发电量为 8.42 MW。从经济和环境的角度来看，每年的总成本为 1212 万欧元和 CO ₂转化率为 99.96%。对重要参数的影响进行参数化研究。此外，通过使用遗传算法执行多目标优化，目标是最大化火用效率和最小化年度总成本。最佳解决方案提供 20.70% 的火用效率，年度总成本为 1275 万欧元。