This systematic review aimed to determine whether the use of specific behaviour change technique (BCT) groups are associated with greater effectiveness for psychosocial interventions delivered to family and close friends (FCFs) impacted by addiction. A systematic search of peer-reviewed and grey literature published until August 2021 identified 32 studies in 38 articles. An established BCT taxonomy (93 BCTs clustered into 16 groups) was adapted (inclusion of seven additional BCT groups) and applied to 57 interventions. The meta-analyses indicated that some, but not all, FCF outcomes were improved by the exclusion of BCTs within several groups (Reward and Threat, Scheduled Consequences, Confrontation of the Addicted Person to Engage in Treatment, and Goals and Planning) and inclusion of BCTs within the Restoring a Balanced Lifestyle group. Addicted person outcomes were improved by the inclusion of some BCTs within several groups (Repetition and Substitution, Reward and Threat, Scheduled Consequences, and Restoring a Balanced Lifestyle). Relationship functioning outcomes were improved by the inclusion of BCTs within the Confrontation of the Addicted Person to Engage in Treatment group. Future research involving the development and evaluation of numerous interventions or comprehensive multi-component interventions that can address the various needs of FCFs, without counteracting them, is required.

本系统评价旨在确定特定行为改变技术 (BCT) 小组的使用是否与向受成瘾影响的家人和亲密朋友 (FCF) 提供的社会心理干预的有效性相关。对截至 2021 年 8 月发表的同行评审和灰色文献进行系统搜索，确定了 38 篇文章中的 32 项研究。已建立的 BCT 分类法（93 个 BCT 分为 16 个组）被改编（包括另外七个 BCT 组）并应用于 57 个干预措施。荟萃分析表明，通过将 BCT 排除在几个组中（奖励和威胁、预定的后果、上瘾者参与治疗的对抗，以及目标和计划）并将 BCT 纳入恢复平衡的生活方式组。通过将一些 BCT 纳入几个组（重复和替代、奖励和威胁、预定后果和恢复平衡的生活方式），成瘾者的结果得到改善。通过将 BCT纳入上瘾者参与治疗组的对抗中，关系功能结果得到改善。未来的研究需要涉及开发和评估众多干预措施或综合的多组分干预措施，这些干预措施可以解决 FCF 的各种需求，而不抵消它们。