Background This review aims to synthesise available evidence on the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), associated risk factors, hospitalisations and COPD readmissions in Africa. Method Using the Met-Analyses and Systematic Reviews of Observational Studies guideline, electronic databases were searched from inception to 1 October 2021. The quality of studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Evidence from retrieved articles was synthesised, and a random-effect model meta-analysis was conducted. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Results Thirty-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, with 13 included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of COPD varied between the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (2%–24%), American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society (1%–17%) and Medical Research Council chronic bronchitis (2%–11%) criteria, respectively. Increasing age, wheezing and asthma were consistent risk factors for COPD from studies included in the narrative synthesis. Our meta-analysis indicated that prior tuberculosis ((OR 5.98, 95% CI 4.18 to 8.56), smoking (OR 2.80, 95% CI: 2.19 to 3.59) and use of biomass fuel (OR 1.52, 95% CI: 1.39 to 1.67)) were significant risk factors for COPD. Long-term oxygen therapy (HR 4.97, 95% CI (1.04 to 23.74)) and frequent hospitalisation (≥3 per year) (HR 11.48, 95% CI (1.31 to 100.79)) were risk factors associated with 30-day COPD readmission. Conclusion This study not only highlights specific risk factors for COPD risk in Africa but also demonstrates the paucity and absence of research in several countries in a continent with substantial COPD-related mortality. Our findings contribute towards the development of evidence-based clinical guidelines for COPD in Africa. PROSPERO registration number CRD42020210581. No data are available. ‘Not applicable’.

中文翻译：

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非洲的慢性阻塞性肺病：危险因素、住院、再入院和相关结果——一项系统回顾和荟萃分析

背景 本综述旨在综合有关非洲慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 患病率、相关风险因素、住院和 COPD 再入院的现有证据。方法 使用观察性研究指南的 Met 分析和系统评价，从开始到 2021 年 10 月 1 日搜索电子数据库。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量。综合了检索到的文章中的证据，并进行了随机效应模型荟萃分析。该协议已在 PROSPERO 上注册。结果 39 项研究符合纳入标准，其中 13 项纳入荟萃分析。COPD 的患病率在慢性阻塞性肺病全球倡议 (2%–24%)、分别符合美国胸科学会/欧洲呼吸学会 (1%–17%) 和医学研究委员会慢性支气管炎 (2%–11%) 标准。从综合叙述中的研究来看，年龄增长、喘息和哮喘是 COPD 的一致危险因素。我们的荟萃分析表明，既往结核病（（OR 5.98，95% CI 4.18 至 8.56）、吸烟（OR 2.80，95% CI：2.19 至 3.59）和使用生物质燃料（OR 1.52，95% CI：1.39 至 1.67） )) 是 COPD 的重要危险因素。长期氧疗（HR 4.97，95% CI（1.04 至 23.74））和频繁住院（每年≥3 次）（HR 11.48，95% CI（1.31 至 100.79））是与 30 天 COPD 再入院相关的危险因素. 结论 这项研究不仅强调了非洲 COPD 风险的特定风险因素，而且还表明在 COPD 相关死亡率很高的大陆上的几个国家缺乏研究。我们的研究结果有助于制定针对非洲 COPD 的循证临床指南。PROSPERO 注册号 CRD42020210581。没有可用数据。'不适用'。