Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) stand for thousands of fully/highly fluorinated aliphatic chemicals, which have been widely manufactured and used in consumer products. Due to easy deprotonation of headgroups and high strength of C–F bonds in their molecules, PFAS are water-soluble and extremely stable in our environment. Significant accumulation of PFAS in water bodies started as early as the beginning of their production in the late 1940s. Recent studies confirmed the occurrence and accumulation of PFAS in all human tissues as well as their harmful health effects. Upon environmental regulations and health advisories, the PFAS industry quickly shifted to short-chain PFAS, e.g., hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid and its ammonium salt (GenX), to replace traditional long-chain PFAS. According to the recent fact sheet by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in October 2021, however, GenX turned out to be more toxic than people originally thought and has shown health effects on liver, kidney, immune system, and so forth upon animal tests. On June 15, 2022, the EPA released the final health advisory for GenX, which is just 10 ppt. Thus, there is an urgent need of novel adsorbents for highly effective GenX remediation from water.

中文翻译：

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使用静电纺丝的纳米纤维吸附剂/过滤材料解决水中的短链 PFAS 污染问题

全氟和多氟烷基物质 (PFAS) 代表数以千计的全氟化/高度氟化脂肪族化学品，这些化学品已广泛生产并用于消费品中。由于头部基团容易去质子化，分子中的 C-F 键强度高，PFAS 具有水溶性，在我们的环境中极其稳定。早在 1940 年代后期水体开始生产时，PFAS 就开始在水体中大量积累。最近的研究证实了 PFAS 在所有人体组织中的发生和积累及其对健康的有害影响。根据环境法规和健康建议，PFAS 行业迅速转向短链 PFAS，例如六氟环氧丙烷二聚酸及其铵盐 (GenX)，以取代传统的长链 PFAS。根据美国最近的情况说明书 然而，环境保护署 (EPA) 于 2021 年 10 月证实，GenX 的毒性比人们原先想象的还要大，并在动物试验中显示出对肝脏、肾脏、免疫系统等健康的影响。2022 年 6 月 15 日，EPA 发布了 GenX 的最终健康咨询，仅为 10 ppt。因此，迫切需要新型吸附剂来高效修复水中的 GenX。