Regional level energy system analyses and corresponding integrated modeling is necessary to analyze the impact of national energy policies on a regional level, while considering regional constraints related to energy infrastructure, energy supply potentials, sectoral energy demands, and their interactions. Nevertheless, current literature on energy system analysis largely overlooks the regional level. In response, this study provided a systematic approach to refining and improving the spatial resolution of an existing regional energy system modeling framework. The methodology involved creating regions and nodes within the modeling framework under categories corresponding to land use (cities and other regions), energy supply, and energy infrastructure. We established a unidirectional soft linking with geographical information system-based modeling results allocating spatially sensitive elements, such as renewable resources or heat demand. We provided a detailed breakdown of sectoral energy demand, supply options, and energy infrastructure for electricity and heat, including district heating (DH). This framework explicated regional differences in terms of demand–supply mismatch, supply options, and energy infrastructure. Our case study of the Dutch province of Groningen demonstrated clear differences compared to the previous crude regional model, with, e.g., an increased role of biomass (+460 % change) and decreased role of solar (−59 %), while cities with high heat demand densities and/or compact structures exhibited serious DH penetration, ranging from 11 to 21 %. The systematic steps allow for the replication of the model in other regional analyses. Our framework is complementary for energy system analysis at the national and pan-European levels and can assist regional policymakers in decision-making.

区域层面的能源系统分析和相应的综合建模对于分析国家能源政策在区域层面的影响是必要的，同时考虑与能源基础设施、能源供应潜力、部门能源需求及其相互作用相关的区域限制。然而，目前关于能源系统分析的文献在很大程度上忽视了区域层面。作为回应，这项研究提供了一种系统的方法来改进和改进现有区域能源系统建模框架的空间分辨率。该方法涉及在与土地利用（城市和其他地区）、能源供应和能源基础设施相对应的类别下的建模框架内创建区域和节点。我们与基于地理信息系统的建模结果建立单向软链接，分配空间敏感元素，例如可再生资源或热需求。我们提供了部门能源需求、供应选择以及电力和热力能源基础设施（包括区域供热 (DH)）的详细分类。该框架阐明了供需不匹配、供应选择和能源基础设施方面的区域差异。我们对荷兰格罗宁根省的案例研究表明，与之前的粗略区域模型相比存在明显差异，例如，生物质的作用增加（+460% 变化）和太阳能的作用降低（-59%），而城市具有高热需求密度和/或紧凑结构表现出严重的 DH 渗透，范围从 11% 到 21%。系统的步骤允许在其他区域分析中复制模型。我们的框架是对国家和泛欧层面能源系统分析的补充，可以协助区域决策者进行决策。