Purpose

This study aims to explore the relationship between tourism and women’s employment in 32 South American and Caribbean countries from 1996 to 2020.

Design/methodology/approach

In this paper, both static (fixed effects and random effects) and dynamic panel data models (system and differenced generalized method of moments) are used. In addition to gross domestic product, trade, education and urban population are also considered in this study.

Findings

According to the findings, a boost in tourism led to an increase in women’s engagement in the economy and service sectors. This paper also explores the efficiency of alternate methods to deal with various models of women labor force (WLF) involvement in various sectors. Women’s employment opportunities in the service sector expand as a result of tourism, but in the agricultural and industrial sectors, that employment opportunity is reduced.

Research limitations/implications

This study investigated the impact of tourism on WLF participation and found that it had a significant impact. This study, on the other hand, specifically contributed to the tourism sector in some specific study areas, such as tourism and agriculture, service and industry sectors. This study also displays that female participation in South America and the Caribbean countries is increasing and women are shifting away from traditional economic sectors.

Originality/value

This is the pioneering study to discover tourism and female participation in employment in South American and Caribbean countries. The findings of this study have important implications for future studies and policy debates examining the consequence of the tourism industry on WLF.

中文翻译：

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旅游业对南美和加勒比国家女性就业的影响

目的

本研究旨在探讨1996年至2020年32个南美和加勒比国家旅游业与女性就业之间的关系。

设计/方法论/途径

本文采用静态（固定效应和随机效应）和动态面板数据模型（系统和差分广义矩法）。除了国内生产总值之外，本研究还考虑了贸易、教育和城市人口。

发现

调查结果显示，旅游业的发展导致女性更多地参与经济和服务业。本文还探讨了处理不同部门女性劳动力（WLF）参与的各种模式的替代方法的效率。旅游业使妇女在服务业的就业机会增加，但在农业和工业部门，就业机会却减少了。

研究局限性/影响

本研究调查了旅游业对 WLF 参与的影响，发现其具有显着影响。另一方面，这项研究在一些特定的研究领域，例如旅游业与农业、服务业和工业部门，对旅游业做出了具体贡献。这项研究还表明，南美洲和加勒比国家的女性参与度正在增加，并且女性正在从传统经济部门转移。

原创性/价值

这是探索南美洲和加勒比国家旅游业和女性就业参与度的开创性研究。这项研究的结果对未来研究旅游业对 WLF 影响的研究和政策辩论具有重要意义。