The first study to investigate potential associations between gut microbiota composition and SARS-CoV-2 vaccine immunogenicity was recently published in Gut .1 This study demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in alpha diversity and a shift in gut microbiota composition following BNT162b2 vaccination, characterised by reductions in Actinobacteriota, Blautia, Dorea, Adlercreutzia, Asacchaobacter, Coprococcus, Streptococcus, Collinsella and Ruminococcus spp and an increase in Bacteroides cacaae and Alistipes shahii . Our prospective observational study (n=52; figure 1A, online supplemental table S1) similarly showed a shift in gut microbiota after the first BNT162b2 vaccine dose (p=0.016; online supplemental figure S1A), including a reduction in Actinobacteria, Blautia spp (p<0.01; figure 1B), and alpha diversity (p=0.078; online supplemental figure S1B). Our data support the findings by Ng et al ,1 reinforcing the link between SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine immunogenicity and the gut microbiota.### Supplementary data [gutjnl-2022-328556supp003.pdf] ### Supplementary data [gutjnl-2022-328556supp001.pdf] Figure 1 Impact of the mRNA SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 vaccine on gut microbiota composition as well as the gut microbiome and dietary factors that affect BNT162b2 vaccine response. (A) Schematic of the study design and blood and stool sample collection timepoints. (B) A significant reduction in Actinobacteriota (p<0.0001), Anaerostipes (p=0.00161) and Blautia (p=0.00103) and an increase in Lachnoclostridium (p=0.00179) were observed after the first BNT162b2 vaccine. (C) Heat-map depicting several significantly higher (red) or lower (blue) (*p<0.05; Wald test) baseline microbial counts in high (quartile 4) vs low (quartile 1) BTN162b2 vaccine responders across several immune parameters. (D) Several gut microbiota species were significantly positively or negatively associated (p<0.01; Wald test) with higher total relative fractional avidity after the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine in a subset of participants (n=15). Refer to online supplemental table S2 for the specific species names and p values. (E) Baseline total branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) concentrations were negatively correlated with RBD IgG …

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肠道微生物组和膳食纤维摄入量与 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗接种后 IgG 功能和成熟密切相关

第一项调查肠道微生物群组成与 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗免疫原性之间潜在关联的研究最近发表在《Gut》上。1 这项研究表明，在接种 BNT162b2 疫苗后，α 多样性出现统计显着性减少，肠道微生物群组成发生变化，其特点是减少Actinobacteriota、Blautia、Dorea、Adlercreutzia、Asacchaobacter、Coprocbacters、Streptococcus、Collinsella 和 Ruminococcus spp 以及 Bacteroides cacaae 和 Alitipes shahii 增加。我们的前瞻性观察研究（n=52；图 1A，在线补充表 S1）同样显示，在第一剂 BNT162b2 疫苗接种后，肠道微生物群发生了变化（p=0.016；在线补充图 S1A），包括放线菌、Blautia spp 的减少（ p<0.01；图 1B）和 alpha 多样性（p=0.078；在线补充图 S1B）。我们的数据支持 Ng 等人的研究结果，1 加强了 SARS-CoV-2 mRNA 疫苗免疫原性与肠道微生物群之间的联系。### 补充数据 [gutjnl-2022-328556supp003.pdf] ### 补充数据 [gutjnl- 2022-328556supp001.pdf] 图 1 mRNA SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 疫苗对肠道微生物群组成以及影响 BNT162b2 疫苗反应的肠道微生物组和饮食因素的影响。(A) 研究设计和血液和粪便样本采集时间点示意图。(B) 在第一次 BNT162b2 疫苗接种后，观察到放线菌门 (p<0.0001)、Anaerostipes (p=0.00161) 和 Blautia (p=0.00103) 显着减少，毛梭菌 (p=0.00179) 增加。(C) 热图描绘了多个免疫参数中高（四分位数 4）与低（四分位数 1）BTN162b2 疫苗反应者中几个显着较高（红色）或较低（蓝色）（*p<0.05；Wald 检验）基线微生物计数的情况。(D) 在一部分参与者 (n=15) 中注射第二剂 BNT162b2 疫苗后，几种肠道微生物群与较高的总相对分数亲合力呈显着正相关或负相关（p<0.01；Wald 检验）。有关具体物种名称和 p 值，请参阅在线补充表 S2。(E) 基线总支链脂肪酸 (BCFA) 浓度与 RBD IgG 呈负相关……