The management of natural resources is currently more challenging than ever before. Climate change and human population growth pose a threat to marine ecosystems as we know them. In order to preserve ecosystems, biodiversity and ecosystem services, management of biological resources must adopt a holistic strategy. Ecosystem-Based Fisheries Management (EBFM) enables this by managing natural resources at the ecosystem level. However, EBFM objectives and implementation can be unclear at times, particularly when framed in the context of shifting conditions. In this research, the strategies available for managing marine biological resources within the EBFM framework and in a changing environment are reviewed. The purpose of this publication is to guide the decision on whether and how to change current management strategies in order to achieve policy goals. The manuscript starts with a revision of ecosystem indicators and ecosystem models used to detect and describe changes in ecosystem dynamics and stocks productivities under present and future conditions. Then, the different frameworks and methods available for integrating this information into the decision-making process are summarised. Currently, some of the options available to include ecosystem realism into the fisheries advice include using ecosystem models in the Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE) process, adjusting single species reference points with ecosystem information and implementing risk-equivalent empirical approaches. However, barriers that are impeding the adoption of these techniques exist. I concluded the study by identifying them and providing literature-based solutions to overcome them from an interdisciplinary perspective.

中文翻译：

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使用 EBFM 镜头指导变化条件下的海洋生物资源管理

自然资源的管理目前比以往任何时候都更具挑战性。正如我们所知，气候变化和人口增长对海洋生态系统构成威胁。为了保护生态系统、生物多样性和生态系统服务，生物资源管理必须采取整体战略。基于生态系统的渔业管理 (EBFM) 通过在生态系统层面管理自然资源来实现这一点。然而，EBFM 的目标和实施有时可能不明确，尤其是在条件不断变化的背景下。在这项研究中，审查了在 EBFM 框架内和在不断变化的环境中管理海洋生物资源的可用策略。本出版物的目的是指导是否以及如何改变当前管理策略以实现政策目标的决定。该手稿首先修订了用于检测和描述当前和未来条件下生态系统动态和种群生产力变化的生态系统指标和生态系统模型。然后，总结了可用于将此信息集成到决策过程中的不同框架和方法。目前，一些可用于将生态系统现实主义纳入渔业建议的选项包括在管理战略评估 (MSE) 过程中使用生态系统模型、使用生态系统信息调整单一物种参考点以及实施风险等效经验方法。然而，存在阻碍采用这些技术的障碍。我通过识别它们并提供基于文献的解决方案来从跨学科的角度克服它们来结束这项研究。