Grape berries contain a variety of metabolites, such as anthocyanins, sugars, fatty acids, and antioxidants. Endogenous phytohormones strongly influence these metabolites, which regulate berry quality improvement. In this study, we evaluated the effects of 2,4-epibrassinolide (EBR, brassinolide (BR)-like growth regulator), jasmonic acid (JA), and their signaling inhibitors brassinazole (Brz), and sodium diethyldithiocarbamate (DIECA) on berry quality and antioxidant ability. Overall, the pre-harvest application of 0.5 mg L-1 EBR and 100 μmol L-1 JA significantly influences the quality of the grape berry. Results showed that EBR was superior to other treatments at enhancing the content of different metabolites, including anthocyanins, fructose, glucose, and a variety of fatty acids, in grapes. EBR and JA also enhanced the synthesis of gibberellin3 (GA3), cytokinin (CTK), salicylic acid (SA), JA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA), BR, and abscisic acid (ABA), while inhibiting the synthesis of auxin (IAA). Most genes related to BR/JA and anthocyanins/sugars/fatty acids biosynthesis were up-regulated. The effects of Brz and DIECA on the grape berry quality were totally reversed throughout the study, as shown by EBR and JA. According to correlation analysis, EBR and JA have a beneficial positive interaction that promotes the formation of strong coherences in grape berries between ABA/IAA/ZT-fruit expansion, BR/JA/MeJA/GA3/ZR-biochemical characteristics development, JA/MeJA/ABA/GA3/SA/ZR-antioxidant capacity enhancement, and JA/MeJA/IAA/GA3/ZT/ZR-fatty acids accumulation. In this regard, we concluded that preharvest exogenous 0.5 mg L-1 EBR and 100 μmol L-1 JA is a successful way to improve grape berry quality.

中文翻译：

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通过采前外源2,4-表油菜素内酯、茉莉酸及其信号抑制剂调控内源植物激素提高'瑞都红玉'葡萄果实品质和抗氧化能力

葡萄浆果含有多种代谢物，如花青素、糖类、脂肪酸和抗氧化剂。内源性植物激素强烈影响这些代谢物，从而调节浆果品质的提高。在这项研究中，我们评估了 2,4-表芸苔素内酯（EBR，芸苔素内酯 (BR) 样生长调节剂）、茉莉酸 (JA) 及其信号抑制剂芸苔素唑 (Brz) 和二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠 (DIECA) 对浆果的影响质量和抗氧化能力。总体而言，采前施用 0.5 mg·L-1EBR和100 μmol·L-1JA 显着影响葡萄浆果的质量。结果表明，EBR在提高葡萄中不同代谢物（包括花青素、果糖、葡萄糖和多种脂肪酸）含量方面优于其他处理。EBR 和 JA 也增强了赤霉素的合成3个(遗传算法3个)、细胞分裂素 (CTK)、水杨酸 (SA)、JA、茉莉酸甲酯 (MeJA)、BR 和脱落酸 (ABA)，同时抑制生长素 (IAA) 的合成。大多数与 BR/JA 和花青素/糖/脂肪酸生物合成相关的基因被上调。如 EBR 和 JA 所示，在整个研究过程中，Brz 和 DIECA 对葡萄果实品质的影响完全相反。根据相关性分析，EBR 和 JA 具有有益的正相互作用，促进 ABA/IAA/ZT-果实膨胀、BR/JA/MeJA/GA 之间葡萄浆果形成强连贯性3个/ZR-生化特性开发，JA/MeJA/ABA/GA3个/SA/ZR-抗氧化能力增强，以及JA/MeJA/IAA/GA3个/ZT/ZR-脂肪酸积累。在这方面，我们得出结论，收获前外源 0.5 mg L-1EBR和100 μmol·L-1JA 是提高葡萄果实品质的成功方法。