Second language implicit learning research has shown that a variety of linguistic features can be acquired without awareness. However, this research overwhelmingly uses comprehension tests to measure implicit learning. It remains unclear whether newly acquired implicit knowledge can also be recruited for production. To address this question, we developed a novel paradigm based on elicited recall and false memory that was used to both train participants and test their implicit knowledge in production, including generating new instances of the rule. Participants learned a semiartificial language containing a rule based on one in a natural language (the alternation between Czech spatial prepositions v and na). Participants who remained unaware of the rule, as assessed by verbal report, nevertheless were able to use it in a production test involving novel items, while believing that they were performing a cued recall test. Even without extensive training, newly acquired implicit knowledge can immediately be evident in production.

中文翻译：

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生产中的内隐学习：在缺乏意识的情况下新形式-意义联系的生产性概括

第二语言内隐学习研究表明，多种语言特征可以在无意识的情况下习得。然而，这项研究绝大多数使用理解测试来衡量内隐学习。目前尚不清楚新获得的隐性知识是否也可以用于生产。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一种基于诱发回忆和错误记忆的新颖范式，用于训练参与者并测试他们在生产中的隐性知识，包括生成规则的新实例。参与者学习了一种半人工语言，其中包含基于自然语言中的规则（捷克语空间介词v和na之间的交替））。通过口头报告评估，参与者仍然不知道该规则，但他们能够在涉及新项目的生产测试中使用它，同时相信他们正在执行提示回忆测试。即使没有广泛的培训，新获得的隐性知识也可以立即在生产中显现出来。