Charge separation, transmission, and light absorption properties are critical to determining the performance of photoelectrochemical (PEC) devices. An important strategy to control such properties is based on using heterostructured materials. Herein, a tunable zero-dimensional (0D)/two-dimensional (2D) heterostructure is designed based on quantum dots (QDs) and 2D nanosheets (NSs). Specifically, eco-friendly Zn-doped CuInS₂ QDs prepared by hot injection were anchored on hierarchical (2D/2D) MoS₂/rGO (MG) NSs through a facile sonication-assisted method to develop a 0D/2D/2D heterojunction-based photoelectrode for solar hydrogen production. The interfacial structure and band alignment between the proposed 0D QDs and 2D/2D MG NSs were engineered by modulating the Zn molar ratio during the QD synthesis. As proof of concept, the optimized 0D/2D/2D photoanode exhibits almost five times higher PEC activity than MG/CuInS₂ and MoS₂/Zn-CuInS₂ NSs due to the enhanced light absorption, efficient charge separation, and transmission. Zn doping and the presence of graphene are essential in enhancing performance in the proposed heterostructure, reducing recombination of charge carriers, and improving sunlight absorption. This work shows how optimal band alignment control and carbon addition can facilitate charge transfer, enabling the development of highly efficient PEC devices based on 0D/2D/2D heterostructure nanocomposites.

中文翻译：

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基于绿色 Zn 掺杂 CuInS2 量子点和 MoS2/rGO 作为太阳能制氢光电极的可调谐 0D/2D/2D 纳米复合材料

电荷分离、传输和光吸收特性对于确定光电化学 (PEC) 器件的性能至关重要。控制这些特性的一个重要策略是基于使用异质结构材料。在此，可调谐零维 (0D)/二维 (2D) 异质结构是基于量子点 (QD) 和二维纳米片 (NS) 设计的。具体而言，通过热注入制备的环保型 Zn 掺杂 CuInS ₂ QD 锚定在分级 (2D/2D) MoS _2上/rGO (MG) NSs 通过简便的超声辅助方法开发用于太阳能制氢的基于 0D/2D/2D 异质结的光电极。所提出的 0D QD 和 2D/2D MG NS 之间的界面结构和带对齐是通过在 QD 合成过程中调节 Zn 摩尔比来设计的。作为概念验证，优化后的 0D/2D/2D 光电阳极的 PEC 活性几乎是 MG/CuInS ₂和 MoS ₂ /Zn-CuInS _2的五倍NSs 由于增强的光吸收、有效的电荷分离和传输。Zn 掺杂和石墨烯的存在对于提高所提出的异质结构的性能、减少电荷载流子的重组和改善阳光吸收至关重要。这项工作展示了最佳能带排列控制和碳添加如何促进电荷转移，从而能够开发基于 0D/2D/2D 异质结构纳米复合材料的高效 PEC 器件。