Nano-scale morphology on bone tissue engineering scaffold plays an essential role in cell behavior regulation and bone regeneration. In this study, patient-customized porous bone tissue engineering scaffolds were fabricated by 3D printing. Then functionalized nanorod morphologies were controllably fabricated. The influence of nanorods geometrical cues on cellular behaviors and the mechanics of triggered osteogenesis were studied. In vitro studies indicated that the nanorods with a diameter of 30 nm accelerated cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Yes-associated protein (YAP) was found involved in the cell sensing system, which regulates the cytoskeletal structure and gene expression. These results provided strong evidence that the surface nano-scale morphology triggered mechanotransduction related signals for promoting osteogenic differentiation. In vivo experiments indicated that the proposed 3D printed scaffolds with a nanorod coating promoted bone regeneration without exogenous cells and growth factors. This work provides a promising strategy for personalized bone tissue repair.

骨组织工程支架上的纳米级形态在细胞行为调节和骨再生中起着至关重要的作用。在这项研究中，患者定制的多孔骨组织工程支架是通过 3D 打印制造的。然后可控地制造功能化的纳米棒形态 。研究了纳米棒几何线索对细胞行为和触发成骨机制的影响。体外研究表明，直径为 30 nm 的纳米棒可加速细胞增殖和成骨分化。Yes 相关蛋白 (YAP) 被发现参与细胞传感系统，它调节细胞骨架结构和基因表达。这些结果提供了强有力的证据，表明表面纳米级形态触发了促进成骨分化的机械转导相关信号。体内实验表明，所提出的具有纳米棒涂层的 3D 打印支架可促进骨再生，而无需外源细胞和生长因子。这项工作为个性化骨组织修复提供了一种有前途的策略。