Pesticide residues in food are a critical issue affecting food safety. The pesticide contaminants in food include currently used, legacy pesticides, and degradation products. Thus, this study analyzed the effects of planting and processing on the transfer and degradation of pesticide residues in corn. Specifically, we studied the transportation and transformation of 26 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), 6 currently used pesticides, and 2 degradation products throughout corn planting and flour processing. For the currently used pesticide, diquat applied in this study did not significantly affect its concentration in soils. Different from this, λ-cyhalothrin application increased its concentration in soils. Therein, λ-cyhalothrin degraded to 3-PBA in a short time, and 3-PBA degraded faster than λ-cyhalothrin. The concentrations of legacy, currently used pesticides, and degradation products were higher in bran than in corn flour, indicating that the outer portions of corn kernels accumulated more pesticides. However, the results for λ-cyhalothrin were the opposite, indicating that the surrounding of bran is more favorable for degrading λ-cyhalothrin. The short- and long-term risks of consumer exposure to these pesticide residues via corn consumption are relatively insignificant based on the implementation time and dose in this study.

中文翻译：

---

遗留农药、现用农药和降解产物的运输和转化：从玉米种植到玉米粉加工

食品中的农药残留是影响食品安全的关键问题。食品中的农药污染物包括当前使用的、遗留的农药和降解产物。因此，本研究分析了种植和加工对玉米农药残留转移和降解的影响。具体而言，我们研究了 26 种有机氯农药 (OCP)、6 种目前使用的农药和 2 种降解产物在玉米种植和面粉加工过程中的运输和转化。对于目前使用的农药，本研究中施用的敌草快对其在土壤中的浓度没有显着影响。与此不同的是，λ-氯氟氰菊酯的施用增加了其在土壤中的浓度。其中，λ-氯氟氰菊酯在短时间内降解为3-PBA，3-PBA的降解速度快于λ-氯氟氰菊酯。遗产的集中，目前使用的农药，麸皮中的降解产物高于玉米粉，说明玉米粒外层积累的农药较多。然而，λ-氯氟氰菊酯的结果恰恰相反，表明麸皮周围更有利于降解λ-氯氟氰菊酯。根据本研究中的实施时间和剂量，消费者通过食用玉米接触这些农药残留物的短期和长期风险相对较小。