Magnolia sieboldii K. Koch is a deciduous tree species. However, the wild resource of M. sieboldii has been declining due to excessive utilization and seed dormancy. In our previous research, M. sieboldii seeds have morphophysiological dormancy and low germination rates under natural conditions. The aim of the present study was to identify the genes involved in dormancy maintenance. In this study, the germination percentage of M. sieboldii seeds negatively correlated with the content of endogenous abscisic acid (ABA). The hydration of seeds for germination showed three distinct phases. Five key time points were identified: 0 h imbibition (dry seed, GZ), 0 day after imbibition (DAI), 16 DAI, 40 DAI, and 56 DAI. The comprehensive transcript profiles of M. sieboldii seeds treated with ABA and water at the five key germinating stages were obtained. A total of 9641 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and 208 and 197 common DEGs were found throughout the ABA and water treatments, respectively. Compared with that in the GZ, 518, 696, 2133, and 1535 DEGs were identified in the SH group at 0, 16, 40 and 56 DAI, respectively. 666, 1725, 1560 and 1415 DEGs were identified in the ABA group at 0, 16, 40, and 56 DAI, respectively. Among the identified DEGs, 12 722 were annotated with GO terms, the top three enriched GO terms were different among the DEGs at 56 DAI in the ABA vs. SH treatments. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis for DEGs indicated that oxidative phosphorylation, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, starch and sucrose metabolism play an important role in seed response to ABA. 1926 TFs are obtained and classified into 72 families from the M. sieboldii transcriptome. Results of differential gene expression analysis together with qRT-PCR indicated that phase II is crucial for rapid and successful seed germination. This study is the first to present the global expression patterns of ABA-regulated transcripts in M. sieboldii seeds at different germinating phases.

Magnolia sieboldii K. Koch 是一种落叶树种。然而，由于过度利用和种子休眠，天竺葵的野生资源正在减少。在我们之前的研究中，M. sieboldii种子在自然条件下具有形态生理休眠和低发芽率。本研究的目的是确定参与休眠维持的基因。在本研究中， M. sieboldii的发芽率种子与内源脱落酸（ABA）含量呈负相关。种子发芽的水合作用显示出三个不同的阶段。确定了五个关键时间点：0 小时吸胀（干种子，GZ）、吸胀后 0 天（DAI）、16 DAI、40 DAI 和 56 DAI。M. sieboldii的综合转录本概况获得了在五个关键发芽阶段用 ABA 和水处理的种子。共鉴定出 9641 个差异表达基因 (DEG)，在 ABA 和水处理中分别发现了 208 个和 197 个常见的 DEG。与 GZ 相比，SH 组在 0、16、40 和 56 DAI 时分别鉴定出 518、696、2133 和 1535 个 DEG。在 ABA 组中分别在 0、16、40 和 56 DAI 时鉴定出 666、1725、1560 和 1415 个 DEG。在确定的 DEG 中，12722 个用 GO 术语注释，在 ABA 与 SH 处理中，前三个丰富的 GO 术语在 56 DAI 的 DEG 中是不同的。DEGs 的 KEGG 通路富集分析表明，氧化磷酸化、内质网中的蛋白质加工、淀粉和蔗糖代谢在种子对 ABA 的反应中起重要作用。M. sieboldii转录组。差异基因表达分析和 qRT-PCR 的结果表明，第二阶段对于快速和成功的种子萌发至关重要。本研究首次展示了不同发芽阶段M. sieboldii种子中 ABA 调节转录物的全局表达模式。