Quantum computers promise considerable speedups with respect to their classical counterparts. However, the identification of the innately quantum features that enable these speedups is challenging. In the continuous-variable setting—a promising paradigm for the realization of universal, scalable, and fault-tolerant quantum computing—contextuality and Wigner negativity have been perceived as two such distinct resources. Here we show that they are in fact equivalent for the standard models of continuous-variable quantum computing. While our results provide a unifying picture of continuous-variable resources for quantum speedup, they also pave the way toward practical demonstrations of continuous-variable contextuality and shed light on the significance of negative probabilities in phase-space descriptions of quantum mechanics.

中文翻译：

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连续变量量子测量的上下文和维格纳负性是等价的

相对于经典计算机，量子计算机有望实现相当大的加速。然而，识别能够实现这些加速的先天量子特征具有挑战性。在连续变量设置（实现通用、可扩展和容错量子计算的有前途的范例）中，上下文和维格纳负性被视为两种不同的资源。在这里，我们表明它们实际上等同于连续变量量子计算的标准模型。虽然我们的结果为量子加速提供了连续变量资源的统一图景，但它们也为连续变量上下文的实际演示铺平了道路，并阐明了负概率在量子力学相空间描述中的重要性。