The public and scientists remain skeptical about egg consumption, given that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading causes of death in worldwide. This review mainly explained the recurrence of contradictory conclusions about relationships between egg consumption and CVD risk and discussed effects of egg cholesterol intake on cholesterol homeostasis. Factors including individual health status and cholesterol sensitivity, dietary pattern, region, and race should be distinguished when understanding generalized conclusions. Identified compensatory mechanisms in response to dietary cholesterol and the resulting balance in cholesterol biosynthesis, absorption, and efflux supported the view that moderate egg consumption had no substantial overall impacts on cholesterol homeostasis in healthy people. Excessive cholesterol intake is not recommended in individuals with distempered metabolism. More than cholesterol metabolism, impacts of egg consumption as a part of overall diet on CVD risk should be considered from aspects of nutrient intake, lipid metabolism, and energy supply in the future.

中文翻译：

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食用鸡蛋中的膳食胆固醇与心血管疾病风险的关联因人而异

鉴于心血管疾病 (CVD) 是世界范围内导致死亡的主要原因，公众和科学家仍然对食用鸡蛋持怀疑态度。这篇综述主要解释了关于鸡蛋摄入量与 CVD 风险之间关系的矛盾结论的反复出现，并讨论了鸡蛋胆固醇摄入量对胆固醇稳态的影响。在理解概括性结论时，应区分包括个体健康状况和胆固醇敏感性、饮食模式、地区和种族在内的因素。已确定的对膳食胆固醇的补偿机制以及由此产生的胆固醇生物合成、吸收和流出的平衡支持了这样一种观点，即适度食用鸡蛋对健康人群的胆固醇稳态没有实质性的总体影响。不建议新陈代谢紊乱的人摄入过多的胆固醇。除了胆固醇代谢之外，未来还应从营养摄入、脂质代谢和能量供应等方面考虑鸡蛋消费作为整体饮食的一部分对 CVD 风险的影响。