Effective delivery of agrochemicals requires control over bioactive release kinetics coupled with effective penetration of the bioactive into plants. Herein, we demonstrate the fabrication of hybrid nanovesicles based on sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (SDBS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) for enabling effective delivery of the biostimulant sodium copper chlorophyllin (Cu-chl) into plants. SDBS–CTAB nanovesicles exhibited a particle size of 107 nm with a well-defined spherical morphology, while modified formulations that included small fractions of the unsaturated dopant Span 80 yielded larger nanovesicles that were softer and more irregular in shape. All nanovesicles maintained high colloidal stability over >4 weeks and enabled sustained Cu-chl release, with the incorporation of Span 80 into the membranes enabling controllable acceleration of the release rate. Nanovesicle encapsulation improved the photostability of Cu-chl bioactive 3–4 × relative to that of free Cu-chl and enabled significant penetration of Cu-chl into the plant root without inducing any significant phytotoxicity.

中文翻译：

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用于递送生物刺激剂叶绿素铜钠的工程表面活性剂纳米囊泡的制备、表征和植物内摄取

农用化学品的有效输送需要控制生物活性物质的释放动力学以及生物活性物质有效渗透到植物中。在此，我们展示了基于十二烷基苯磺酸钠 (SDBS) 和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTAB) 的混合纳米囊泡的制造，以实现将生物刺激素叶绿素铜钠 (Cu-chl) 有效递送到植物中。SDBS–CTAB 纳米囊泡的粒径为 107 nm，具有明确的球形形态，而包含小部分不饱和掺杂剂 Span 80 的改性配方产生了更大的纳米囊泡，这些纳米囊泡更柔软且形状更不规则。所有纳米囊泡在 >4 周内保持高胶体稳定性，并能够持续释放 Cu-chl，通过将 Span 80 掺入膜中，可以可控地加速释放速率。纳米囊泡封装提高了 Cu-chl 生物活性的光稳定性，相对于游离 Cu-chl 的光稳定性提高了 3-4 倍，并使 Cu-chl 能够显着渗透到植物根部，而不会引起任何显着的植物毒性。