Lignocellulosic and algal biomasses are known to be vital feedstocks to establish a green hydrogen supply chain toward achieving a carbon–neutral society. However, one of the most pressing issues to be addressed is the low digestibility of these biomasses in biorefinery processes, such as dark fermentation, to produce green hydrogen. To date, various pretreatment approaches, such as physical, chemical, and biological methods, have been examined to enhance feedstock digestibility. However, neither systematic reviews of pretreatment to promote biohydrogen production in dark fermentation nor economic feasibility analyses have been conducted. Thus, this study offers a comprehensive review of current biomass pretreatment methods to promote biohydrogen production in dark fermentation. In addition, this review has provided comparative analyses of the technological and economic feasibility of existing pretreatment techniques and discussed the prospects of the pretreatments from the standpoint of carbon neutrality and circular economy.

众所周知，木质纤维素和藻类生物质是建立绿色氢供应链以实现碳中和社会的重要原料。然而，最紧迫的问题之一是这些生物质在生物精炼过程中的低消化率，例如暗发酵，以生产绿色氢气。迄今为止，已经研究了各种预处理方法，例如物理、化学和生物方法，以提高原料的消化率。然而，既没有对促进暗发酵中生物制氢的预处理进行系统评价，也没有进行经济可行性分析。因此，本研究全面回顾了当前生物质预处理方法，以促进暗发酵中的生物制氢。此外，