The rapid development of the Bluetooth technology offers a possible solution for indoor localization scenarios. Compared with other indoor localization technologies, such as vision, light detection and ranging, ultrawide band, etc., Bluetooth has been characterized by low cost, easy deployment, low energy consumption, and potentially high localization accuracy, which enable itself to be a competitive technology in indoor location-based services, the Internet of Things, and many other fields. In this article, we first present a comprehensive survey of Bluetooth localization technology, including the measurements for localization, working principles, and method comparison. We highlight the learning-based methods and integrated localization methods. Then, we review the applications and existing commercial solutions, revealing the possible directions for the industrialization of Bluetooth localization. Finally, this article proposes several open issues of Bluetooth localization (e.g., multichannel difference, multipath, co-channel interference, and device heterogeneity) and projects several future trends.

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蓝牙定位技术：原理、应用和未来趋势

蓝牙技术的快速发展为室内定位场景提供了一种可能的解决方案。与视觉、光探测和测距、超宽带等其他室内定位技术相比，蓝牙具有低成本、易部署、低能耗和潜在的高定位精度等特点，使其成为具有竞争力的竞争优势。技术应用于室内定位服务、物联网等诸多领域。在本文中，我们首先对蓝牙定位技术进行了全面的综述，包括定位的测量、工作原理和方法比较。我们强调基于学习的方法和集成本地化方法。然后，我们审查应用程序和现有的商业解决方案，揭示了蓝牙国产化产业化的可能方向。最后，本文提出了蓝牙定位的几个开放性问题（例如，多通道差异、多路径、同通道干扰和设备异构性）并预测了几个未来趋势。