The competitive performance of optoelectronic devices based on advanced organic semiconductors increasingly calls for suitably scalable processing schemes to capitalise on their application potential. With performance benchmarks typically established by spin-coating fabrication, doctor-blade deposition represents a widely available roll-to-roll-compatible means for the preparation of large-area samples and establishing the device upscaling potential. However, the inherently slower film formation kinetics often result in unfavourable active layer microstructures, requiring empirical and material-inefficient optimisation of solutions to reach the performance of spin-coated devices. Here we present a versatile approach to achieving performance parity for spin- and blade-coated devices using in situ gas-assisted drying enabled by a modular 3D-printed attachment. This is illustrated for organic photodetectors (OPDs) featuring bulk heterojunction active layers comprising blends of P3HT and PM6 polymer donors with the nonfullerene acceptor ITIC. Compared to conventionally blade-coated devices, mild drying gas pressures of 0.5–2 bar yield up to a 10-fold enhancement of specific detectivity by maximising external quantum efficiency and suppressing dark-current. Furthermore, controlling gas flux distribution enables one-step fabrication of 1D chain conformation and 2D chain orientation patterns in, respectively, PFO and P3HT:N2200 blend films, opening the possibility for high-throughput fabrication of devices with complex structured active layers.

中文翻译：

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有机半导体的气体辅助刮刀涂层：分子组装、器件制造和复杂的薄膜结构

基于先进有机半导体的光电器件的竞争性能越来越需要适当可扩展的处理方案以利用其应用潜力。凭借通常通过旋涂制造建立的性能基准，刮墨刀沉积代表了一种广泛可用的卷对卷兼容方法，用于制备大面积样品和建立设备升级潜力。然而，固有的较慢的成膜动力学通常会导致不利的活性层微结构，需要经验和材料效率低下的解决方案优化才能达到旋涂器件的性能。在这里，我们提出了一种通用的方法来使用原位实现旋涂和刮刀涂层设备的性能均等由模块化 3D 打印附件实现的气体辅助干燥。这说明了有机光电探测器 (OPD) 的特点，其本体异质结活性层包含 P3HT 和 PM6 聚合物供体与非富勒烯受体 ITIC 的混合物。与传统的刮刀涂层设备相比，0.5-2 巴的温和干燥气压可通过最大化外部量子效率和抑制暗电流，将比检测率提高 10 倍。此外，控制气体通量分布可以分别在 PFO 和 P3HT:N2200 混合薄膜中一步制造 1D 链构象和 2D 链取向模式，从而为高通量制造具有复杂结构活性层的器件提供了可能性。