The quality of large and complex Systems-of-Systems (SoS) that have emerged in critical application domains depends on the quality of their architectures, which are inherently dynamic in terms of reorganization at runtime to comply with domain needs. However, the way to model and evaluate the quality of these architectures is not clear. This article presents the state-of-the-art regarding how SoS architectures have been evaluated. For this, we systematically examined the literature and, as a result, we discovered and summarized relevant architectural evaluation methods and associated modeling techniques and quality attributes, the maturity of these methods, as well as the benefits and costs of adopting them. We also address open issues and research opportunities and recommend that the mindset for SoS architecture evaluation must be changed to ensure the quality of SoS in critical domains.

大型复杂系统系统 (SoS)的质量出现在关键应用程序领域中的应用程序取决于其架构的质量，这些架构在运行时重组方面本质上是动态的，以符合领域需求。然而，对这些架构的质量进行建模和评估的方法尚不清楚。本文介绍了有关如何评估 SoS 架构的最新技术。为此，我们系统地检查了文献，并因此发现并总结了相关的架构评估方法和相关的建模技术和质量属性、这些方法的成熟度以及采用它们的收益和成本。我们还解决了未解决的问题和研究机会，并建议必须改变 SoS 架构评估的思维方式，以确保关键领域中 SoS 的质量。