Pancreatic cancer (PC) is an aggressive malignant tumor with low rate of surgical resection and poor prognosis. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a cytokine that has both protumor and antitumor activities, depending on tumor microenvironment. The interaction between TGF-β signaling and the tumor microenvironment in PC is complex. Here, we reviewed the role of TGF-β in the tumor microenvironment of PC, highlighting producers of TGF-β and TGF-β responders in the tumor microenvironment of PC.

中文翻译：

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TGF-β在胰腺癌肿瘤微环境中的作用

胰腺癌（PC）是一种侵袭性恶性肿瘤，手术切除率低，预后差。转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 是一种细胞因子，具有促肿瘤和抗肿瘤活性，具体取决于肿瘤微环境。PC 中 TGF-β 信号传导与肿瘤微环境之间的相互作用非常复杂。在这里，我们回顾了 TGF-β 在 PC 肿瘤微环境中的作用，重点介绍了 PC 肿瘤微环境中 TGF-β 的产生者和 TGF-β 应答者。