The garnet-type phase Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) attracts significant attention as an oxide solid electrolyte to enable safe and robust solid-state batteries (SSBs) with potentially high energy density. However, while significant progress has been made in demonstrating compatibility with Li metal, integrating LLZO into composite cathodes remains a challenge. The current perspective focuses on the critical issues that need to be addressed to achieve the ultimate goal of an all-solid-state LLZO-based battery that delivers safety, durability, and pack-level performance characteristics that are unobtainable with state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries. This perspective complements existing reviews of solid/solid interfaces with more emphasis on understanding numerous homo- and heteroionic interfaces in a pure oxide-based SSB and the various phenomena that accompany the evolution of the chemical, electrochemical, structural, morphological, and mechanical properties of those interfaces during processing and operation. Finally, the insights gained from a comprehensive literature survey of LLZO–cathode interfaces are used to guide efforts for the development of LLZO-based SSBs.

中文翻译：

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氧化物基固态电池：复合阴极结构的视角

石榴石相Li ₇ La ₃ Zr ₂ O ₁₂(LLZO) 作为氧化物固体电解质引起了极大的关注，可实现具有潜在高能量密度的安全且坚固的固态电池 (SSB)。然而，虽然在证明与锂金属的相容性方面取得了重大进展，但将 LLZO 集成到复合阴极中仍然是一个挑战。目前的观点侧重于需要解决的关键问题，以实现基于全固态 LLZO 的电池的最终目标，该电池可提供安全性、耐用性和电池组级性能特征，这是目前无法获得的-艺术锂离子电池。这一观点补充了现有的固体/固体界面评论，更加强调理解纯氧化物基 SSB 中的众多同离子和杂离子界面以及伴随化学演变的各种现象，这些界面在加工和操作过程中的电化学、结构、形态和机械性能。最后，从对 LLZO-阴极界面的综合文献调查中获得的见解用于指导基于 LLZO 的 SSB 的开发工作。