Superlubricity and active friction control have been extensively researched in order to reduce the consumption of fossil energy, the failure of moving parts, and the waste of materials. The vibration-induced superlubricity (VIS) presents a promising solution for friction reduction since it does not require high-standard environment. However, the mechanism underlying the VIS remains unclear since the atomic-scale information in a buried interface is unavailable to experimental methods. In this paper, the mechanism of VIS was examined via numerical calculation based on the Prandtl—Tomlinson (PT) model and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The results revealed that the pushing effect of stick—slip is one of the direct sources of friction reduction ability under vibrational excitation, which was affected by the response amplitude, frequency, and the trace of the tip. Moreover, the proportion of this pushing effect could be modulated by changing the phase difference when applying coupled vibrational excitation in x- and z-axis. This results in a significant change in friction reduction ability with phase. By this way, active friction control from the stick—superlubricity can be achieved conveniently.

为了减少化石能源的消耗、运动部件的故障和材料的浪费，人们对超润滑和主动摩擦控制进行了广泛的研究。振动诱导的超润滑性（VIS）不需要高标准的环境，因此为减少摩擦提供了一个有前途的解决方案。然而，VIS 的潜在机制仍不清楚，因为掩埋界面中的原子级信息无法用于实验方法。在本文中，基于 Prandtl-Tomlinson (PT) 模型和分子动力学 (MD) 模拟，通过数值计算研究了 VIS 的机理。结果表明粘滑推动效应是振动激励下减摩能力的直接来源之一，受响应幅值、频率、和尖端的痕迹。此外，在应用耦合振动激励时，可以通过改变相位差来调节这种推动效应的比例。x - 和z - 轴。这导致摩擦减少能力随相位发生显着变化。通过这种方式，可以方便地实现杆的主动摩擦控制——超润滑。